将URL重写为所有小写字母，然后使用.htaccess文件将某些URL重定向到主页

Question

My problem is I want to write my own rule for .htaccess file. I have searched the internet, they didn't told me how to write my own specific rule. All I know is that it uses regular expressions. I have little knowledge of regex.

What I am looking for is I have the following links

http://example.com/work/project-1 
http://example.com/work/project-2

when user enter like this

http://example.com/work/PrOJect-2

I want them to redirect to (converting all caps to small)

http://example.com/work/project-2 

But when user enter like this

http://example.com/work/ 

or

http://example.com/work  

I want to redirect to home page.

For doing so I have htaccess file which have some rules like

RewriteEngine On
RewriteRule ^work(.*)/([^/]*) work-single.php$1?slug=$2 [QSA]

Please help me to write these rules.

Answer 1

What you are trying to achieve is called URL rewriting.

Here's an example of a working .htaccess file:

RewriteEngine ON
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d
RewriteRule ^(.*)$ index.php?url_params=$1 [L,QSA]

The result of using the above rules set is that the full URL from the request is being passed on the server-side to index.php, where the string can be fetched using:

$urlString = $_GET['url_params'];

and further processed, for an example slicing the string into an array of tokens:

$urlTokens = explode('/', $urlString);

foreach($urlTokens as $token){

    // do something with each token

}

and finally analyse the tokens (a task that most people these days dont actually manually do becuase of the use of frameworks that take care of this automatically. eg Zend framework), for each valid "token" you take the appropriate action (in modern frameworks this is called "Routing").

For a complete tutorial on how to setup url rewriting, you can check: https://code.tutsplus.com/tutorials/using-htaccess-files-for-pretty-urls--net-6049

It can be pretty straight forward, or completely complicated - depends on your needs.

Bear in mind that this is only an example and might not work for your exact situation, you might want to customise it to fit your needs - or at least learn from it and solve your problem.

I would recommend that you read and learn more about the subject, it will make it easier for you to use the technique.

Hope it helps a bit