初学者 C++ 使用 cin.fail() 防止无效输入

Question

I just finished working on this marble game program and it works fine except I need to do one more thing to protect it from invalid input. The program responds properly to all integer based invalid input but if you input a non integer the program crashes. I've been using the cin.fail() function and it works but then gets stuck in a loop. If the user enters a non integer i want the program to tell the user that was invalid input and prompt the user to input their selection again.

I added return 1; after the invalid input statement to end the program instead of it crashing but that's not what I want to do. I want it to print "invalid input" and then re-prompt the user to input their selection again.

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main()
{
    cout << "*** The Game of Nim ***\n\n" << endl;

    string player1, player2, currentPlayer;
    int marbles, selection;
    bool isDone = false;

    cout << "Enter a name for Player 1: ";
    cin >> player1;
    cout << "Enter a name for Player 2: ";
    cin >> player2;
    cout << "Enter how many marbles you would like to start with in the pile: ";
    cin >> marbles;

    cout << "\nThere are " << marbles << " marbles in the pile\n" << endl;

    currentPlayer = player1;

    do
    {
        bool turnDone = false;

        while (turnDone == false && marbles != 0)
        {
            if (currentPlayer == player1)
            {
                cout << currentPlayer << "\n";

                cout << "How many marbles would you like to draw? : ";
                cin >> selection;

                if (cin.fail())
                {
                    cout << "\nInvalid Input\n";
                    return 1;

                }


                if (selection < marbles / 2 + 1 && marbles > 1 && selection != 0)
                {
                    marbles = marbles - selection;

                    if (marbles == 1)
                    {
                        cout << "\nUh Oh! There is only 1 marble remaining in the pile\n" << endl;

                        currentPlayer = player2;
                        turnDone = true;
                        break;
                    }

                    cout << "\nThere are " << marbles << " marbles remaining in the pile\n" << endl;

                    currentPlayer = player2;

                    turnDone = true;

                }else if (marbles == 1)
                {
                    marbles = marbles - selection;

                    if (marbles <= 0)
                    {
                        cout << "\nThere are 0 marbles remianing in the pile\n";

                        cout << "You drew the last marble!" << endl;
                        cout << "You lose!\n\n" << endl;
                        cout << player2 << " wins\n\n" << endl;

                        turnDone = true;

                        return 0;

                    }

                }else if (selection == 0 || selection > marbles / 2 + 1)
                {
                    cout << "\nYou must draw at least 1 marble, and no more than half the pile\n" << endl;
                }

            }else if (currentPlayer == player2)
            {
                cout << currentPlayer << "\n";

                cout << "How many marbles would you like to draw? : ";
                cin >> selection;

                if (selection < marbles / 2 +1 && marbles > 1 && selection != 0)
                {
                    marbles = marbles - selection;

                    if (marbles == 1)
                    {
                        cout << "\nUh Oh! There is only 1 marble remaining in the pile\n" << endl;

                        currentPlayer = player1;
                        turnDone = true;
                        break;
                    }

                    cout << "\nThere are " << marbles << " marbles remaining in the pile\n" << endl;

                    currentPlayer = player1;

                    turnDone = true;

                }else if (marbles == 1)
                {
                    marbles = marbles - selection;

                    if (marbles <= 0)
                    {
                        cout << "\nThere are 0 marbles remianing in the pile\n";

                        cout << "You drew the last marble!" << endl;
                        cout << "You lose!\n\n" << endl;
                        cout << player1 << " wins!\n\n" << endl;

                        turnDone = true;

                        return 0;

                    }

                }else if (selection == 0 || selection > marbles / 2 + 1)
                {
                    cout << "\nYou must draw at least 1 marble, and no more than half the pile\n" << endl;
                }
            }
        }
    }while (isDone == false);

    return 0;
}

Answer 1

Here's how to use std::cin.fail() in your program:

int marbles;
bool check = false;
do {
    std::cout << "Enter how many marbles you would like to start with in the pile: ";
    std::cin >> marbles;
    if (std::cin.fail()) {
        std::cin.clear();
        std::cin.ignore();
    }
    else
        check = true;
}while(!check);

cin.fail() will return a boolean saying wether or not the expected income as been received
If not, you'll have to use clear() wich will put the fail value to false and then ignore the given input
Hope that helped

Answer 2

Get the user input in a string and check if there's any number in it:

std::string input; 
std::cin >> input;
int marbles = std::atoi(input.c_str()); //Returns the first number met in the char table, if there is none, returns 0

if(marbles)
    std::cout << marbles;