在python中对并行列表进行排序-第一项降序，第二项升序

Question

I have two lists - one for a team name and the second for points

I wanted to sort them based on the points without losing track of the corresponding team. I found something on SO that works great for doing this - and it sorts teams by points in descending order (most to least).

There doesn't appear to be a sort on the second list.

EDIT - Original Data

Teams       Pts
D Clark   0
D Dupuis   2
T Leach   2
J Schutz    0
C Hearder 2
R Pagani  0
M Cameron  2
B Hunter  0

This is what I'm using:

pts, teams = zip(*sorted(zip(pts, teams), reverse=True))
i = 1
for team, num_pts in zip(teams, pts):
    standings = str(i) + '. ' + team + " ("  + num_pts + ")"
    print standings
    i += 1

And it results in this:

1. T Leach (2)
2. M Cameron (2)
3. D Dupuis (2)
4. C Hearder (2)
5. R Pagani (0)
6. J Schutz (0)
7. D Clark (0)
8. B Hunter (0)

What I'm trying to do is to add an additional sort on team name - so if there's a tie, then it will sort by names in ascending order,

Like This:

1. C Hearder (2)
2. D Dupuis (2)
3. M Cameron (2)
4. T Leach (2)
5. B Hunter (0)
6. D Clark (0)
7. J Schutz (0)
8. R Pagani (0)

Answer 1

You have two options here. You could use cmp or key as a parameter to sorted .

With a cmp you're defining a function which takes two arguments, the two values being compared. If the first argument is smaller than the second, return a negative number. If it is larger than the second, return a positive number. If they are equal, return 0.

First example using cmp :

pts = ['2', '2', '2', '2', '2', '0', '0', '0', '0']
teams = ['T Leach', 'M Cameron', 'D Dupuis', 'C Hearder', 'R Pagani',
         'J Schutz', 'D Clark', 'B Hunter']

def custom_cmp(x,y):
    return cmp(x[0], y[0]) or cmp(y[1], x[1])

pts, teams = zip(*sorted(zip(pts, teams), cmp=custom_cmp, reverse=True))

The python or operator will return the left hand side if it evaluates to True (not 0 as described above), otherwise it will return the right hand side. Therefore this custom_cmp returns the comparison of the points from x to y if the points are not equivalent. Otherwise it compares the teams from y to x (the opposite order).

With key on the other hand you are just considering how to view an element individually in order that python will naturally understand how to sort it how you want. We know the first item is being compared properly, so now we just need to flip the second. Numbers would be easy, we could just take the negative. But how do you flip a string?

One approach is to take the ord (which should be an ascii value integer for your strings) of each character in the string. Then you can take the negative of these values and package them into a tuple . This is what one of these would look like:

>>> tuple(-ord(c) for c in 'C Hearder')
(-67, -32, -72, -101, -97, -114, -100, -101, -114)

Second example using key :

def custom_key(pair):
    pts, team = pair
    return (pts, tuple(-ord(c) for c in team))

pts, teams = zip(*sorted(zip(pts, teams), key=custom_key, reverse=True))

Restrospective edit:

If we're defining a custom key we may as well invert the key itself and remove the reverse argument:

def custom_key(pair):
    pts, team = pair
    return (-int(pts), team)

pts, teams = zip(*sorted(zip(pts, teams), key=custom_key))

Answer 2

You can specify how sorted will sort by passing in the key kwarg. One handy way to use key is with itemgetter from the operator module.

For example, if you have a list of tuples (such as by zipping two lists) and you want to sort by the second item, then the first, the key would be itemgetter(1,0) so you might do something like this:

from operator import itemgetter
teams_and_points = zip(teams, pts)
for team, points in sorted(points_and_teams, key=itemgetter(1, 0)):
    print(team, points)