JavaScript从服务器解析JSON

Question

I am trying to parse a JSON object received from my server. This is my server's response:

[
  {
    "idPais": "1",
    "nombre": "España"
  },
  {
    "idPais": "2",
    "nombre": "Grecia"
  },
  {
    "idPais": "3",
    "nombre": "Holanda"
  },
  {
    "idPais": "4",
    "nombre": "Finlandia"
  },
  {
    "idPais": "5",
    "nombre": "Suiza"
  }
]

In my script, I tried to get the objects with one array, but resp is always undefined .

function loadCountries(cont) { // Listado de paises con contenidos
  var i = 0;
  var method = 'GET';
  var path = appConstants.requestCountriesURL(cont);
  console.log(path);
  var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();   
  xhr.onreadystatechange = function() {
    alert('Status es: ' + xhr.status + 'State es: ' + xhr.readyState);
    if(xhr.readyState == 4 && xhr.status == 200) {
      alert('Recogiendo respuesta...');
      resp = xhr.responseText;
    }
  }
  xhr.open(method, path, false); // Creamos la peticion
  resp = xhr.send(); // Guardamos la respuesta
  if(resp == false || resp == undefined) {
    alert('La lista de paises no se pudo obtener');
    return resp;
  } else {
    alert('La lista de paises se obtuvo correctamente');
    console.log(resp);
    var listaPaises = JSON.parse(resp);
    return listaPaises;
  }
}

The error shown is the following:

Uncaught SyntaxError: Unexpected token u in JSON at position 0

Edit with solution 1:

function checkCountries(i){
    alert('oncheckCountries');
    var answer=$('input[name^="radio-choice"]:checked').val();
    alert('val es: '+ answer);
    $('#divPaises').css('display','block');
    getCountries(answer);

}
function getCountries(continente){
    alert('on getCountries');
    loadCountries(continente);
}
function loadCountries(cont){ //Listado de paises con contenidos
    var i = 0;
    var method = 'GET';
    var path = appConstants.requestCountriesURL(cont);
    console.log (path);
    var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest(); 
    xhr.onreadystatechange = function(){
        alert('Status es: '+xhr.status+'State es: '+xhr.readyState);
        if(xhr.readyState == 4 && xhr.status == 200){
            alert('Recogiendo respuesta...');
            resp = xhr.responseText;
            if(resp == false || resp == undefined){
                alert('La lista de paises no se pudo obtener');
                return resp;
            }
            else{
                    alert('La lista de paises se obtuvo correctamente');
                    console.log(resp);
                    var listaPaises = JSON.parse(resp);
                    console.log(listaPaises[0]);
                    var size = Object.keys(listaPaises).length;
                    var select = document.createElement('select');
                    alert('Select creado');
                    select.name = 'selectPais';
                    select.id = 'selectPais';
                    for(i=0;i<size ;i++){
                            var option = document.createElement('option');
                            option.id = listaPaises[i].idPais;
                            option.value = listaPaises[i].nombre;
                            option.appendChild(document.createTextNode(listaPaises[i].nombre));
                            alert(option.getAttribute('value'));
                            select.appendChild(option);
                            }
                    document.getElementById('divPaises').appendChild(select);
                }
        }
    }
    xhr.open(method, path, true); //Creamos la peticion
    resp = xhr.send(); // Guardamos la respuesta    
}

Answer 1

Your issue here is that you are using the result of xhr.send() as the response, when it's not. If you want to parse the response you have to do it in the onreadystatechange listener, using xhr.responseText , like this:

xhr.onreadystatechange = function(){
    alert('Status es: '+xhr.status+'State es: '+xhr.readyState);
    if(xhr.readyState == 4 && xhr.status == 200){
        alert('Recogiendo respuesta...');
        resp = xhr.responseText;

        if(resp == false || resp == undefined){
            alert('La lista de paises no se pudo obtener');
        } else {
            alert('La lista de paises se obtuvo correctamente');
            console.log(resp);
            var listaPaises = JSON.parse(resp);
        }
    }
}

Also, you cannot return the response since that the request is asynchronous, so you have to either do everything inside your function, or use a callback function, like this:

function loadCountries(cont, callback) { // use a callback
    var i = 0;
    var method = 'GET';
    var path = appConstants.requestCountriesURL(cont);
    console.log (path);
    var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();

    xhr.onreadystatechange = function(){
        alert('Status es: '+xhr.status+'State es: '+xhr.readyState);
        if(xhr.readyState == 4 && xhr.status == 200){
            alert('Recogiendo respuesta...');
            resp = xhr.responseText;

            if(resp == false || resp == undefined){
                alert('La lista de paises no se pudo obtener');
                callback(resp);
            } else {
                alert('La lista de paises se obtuvo correctamente');
                console.log(resp);
                var listaPaises = JSON.parse(resp);
                callback(listaPaises);
            }
        }
    }

    xhr.open(method, path, false);
    xhr.send();
}


// Create a callback
function myCallback(data) {
    // Do what you want with the data...
}

// Call the function like this...
function loadCountries(myCont, myCallback);

Answer 2

It is an asynchronous call and you are trying to handle it as a synchronous one.

  xhr.onreadystatechange = function() {
    alert('Status es: ' + xhr.status + 'State es: ' + xhr.readyState);
    if(xhr.readyState == 4 && xhr.status == 200) {
      alert('Recogiendo respuesta...');
      resp = xhr.responseText;
      //Do your stuff with resp here
    }
  }
  xhr.open(method, path, false); // Creamos la peticion
  xhr.send(); //Send will not return anything 

Check here if you want more examples: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/XMLHttpRequest/Using_XMLHttpRequest