通过 ssh 或 https 自动访问 git 子模块

Question

Question:
Is there a way to automatically checkout git submodules via the same method (ssh or https) as the main repository?

Background:

We have a non-public gitlab repository ( main ) that has a submodule ( utils ) which is also hosted as a non-public gitlab repository on the same server. Those repositories can be accessed either via ssh or https:

• user@gitlabserver.com:my/path/repo.git
• https://gitlabserver.com/my/path/repo.git

Both variants obviously require different forms of authentication and depending on the client computer and the user, one or the other is preferred.

For the top level repository ( main ) that is not an issue, as anyone can choose the method he or she prefers, but for the sub module this depends on the .gitmodules file and hence is (initially) the same for all.
Now instead of everyone having to adapt the .gitmodules file to whatever they prefer and make sure they don't accidentally commit those changes, it would be nice, if there was a way to just specify the server and repo path and git chooses either the same method that is used for the main repo, or something that can be set in gitconfig.

Answer 1

I finally solved this problem by specifying the submodules url as a relative path :

So lets say your main git repository can be reached

• either via https://gitlabserver.com/my/path/main.git
• or via user@gitlabserver.com:my/path/main.git

And the .gitmodules file looks like this:

[submodule "utils"]     
    path = libs/utils   
    url = https://gitlabserver.com/my/path/utils.git

That would mean that even when you check out the main application via ssh, the submodule utils would still be accessed via https.

However, you can replace the absolute path with a relative one like this:

[submodule "utils"]     
    path = libs/utils   
    url = ../utils.git

and from now on use

• either git clone --recursive https://gitlabserver.com/my/path/main.git
• or git clone --recursive user@gitlabserver.com:my/path/main.git

to get the whole repository structure which ever way you want. Obviously that doesn't work for cases where the relative ssh and the https paths are not the same, but at least for gitlab hosted repositories this is the case.

This is also handy if you (for whatever reason) mirror your repository structure at two different remote sites.

Answer 2

I think I have a more general answer, but it's not quite automatic. There's a configuration setting you can apply in ~/.gitconfig that will replace a particular URL with the one of your choosing.

For Github I have this in my ~/.gitconfig :

[url "ssh://git@github.com/"]
    insteadOf = https://github.com/

Here's a repository with a submodule declared with an HTTPS url that I can clone recursively using HTTPS.

git clone --recursive https://github.com/p2/OAuth2.git

OR

git clone --recursive git@github.com:p2/OAuth2.git

You can read about its use here: https://git-scm.com/docs/git-config#Documentation/git-config.txt-urlltbasegtinsteadOf

And here: https://git-scm.com/docs/git-clone