由NetBeans生成的jar虽然从IDE运行，但没有运行

Question

Here is my pom.xml.

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.mycompany</groupId>
<artifactId>TimeTrackerWithMaven</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
    <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
    <java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties>
<build>
    <plugins>
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
            <artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>2.4</version>
            <configuration>
                <archive>
                    <manifest>
                        <addClasspath>true</addClasspath>
                        <mainClass>com.mycompany.timetrackerwithmaven.Main</mainClass>
                    </manifest>
                </archive>
            </configuration>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.jacoco</groupId>
            <artifactId>jacoco-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>0.7.4.201502262128</version>
            <executions>
                <execution>
                    <goals>
                        <goal>prepare-agent</goal>
                    </goals>
                </execution>
                <execution>
                    <id>report</id>
                    <phase>prepare-package</phase>
                    <goals>
                        <goal>report</goal>
                    </goals>
                </execution>
            </executions>
        </plugin>
    </plugins>
</build>
<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.mockito</groupId>
        <artifactId>mockito-core</artifactId>
        <version>2.0.31-beta</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.commons/commons-io -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
        <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
        <version>1.3.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>junit</groupId>
        <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
        <version>4.12</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
        <version>4.2.4.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
        <version>4.2.4.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
        <version>4.2.4.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
        <version>4.2.4.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.google.code.gson</groupId>
        <artifactId>gson</artifactId>
        <version>2.4</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.google.guava</groupId>
        <artifactId>guava</artifactId>
        <version>19.0-rc2</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.google.collections</groupId>
        <artifactId>google-collections</artifactId>
        <version>1.0</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>net.java.dev.jna</groupId>
        <artifactId>jna</artifactId>
        <version>4.1.0</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>net.java.dev.jna</groupId>
        <artifactId>platform</artifactId>
        <version>3.5.2</version>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>
<name>TimeTrackerWithMavenDevelopment</name>

Here is my MANIFEST.MF in the generated jar.

Manifest-Version: 1.0
Archiver-Version: Plexus Archiver
Built-By: Blackstorm
Class-Path: mockito-core-2.0.31-beta.jar byte-buddy-0.6.14.jar objenes
 is-2.1.jar commons-io-1.3.2.jar junit-4.12.jar hamcrest-core-1.3.jar 
 spring-core-4.2.4.RELEASE.jar commons-logging-1.2.jar spring-test-4.2
 .4.RELEASE.jar spring-beans-4.2.4.RELEASE.jar spring-context-4.2.4.RE
 LEASE.jar spring-aop-4.2.4.RELEASE.jar aopalliance-1.0.jar spring-exp
 ression-4.2.4.RELEASE.jar gson-2.4.jar guava-19.0-rc2.jar google-coll
 ections-1.0.jar jna-4.1.0.jar platform-3.5.2.jar
Created-By: Apache Maven 3.0.5
Build-Jdk: 1.8.0_101
Main-Class: com.mycompany.timetrackerwithmaven.Main

When I run my code with "java -jar TimeTrackerWithMaven-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar" I get the following error.

java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/springframework/context/ApplicationContext at java.lang.Class.getDeclaredMethods0(Native Method) at java.lang.Class.privateGetDeclaredMethods(Unknown Source) at java.lang.Class.privateGetMethodRecursive(Unknown Source) at java.lang.Class.getMethod0(Unknown Source) at java.lang.Class.getMethod(Unknown Source) at sun.launcher.LauncherHelper.validateMainClass(Unknown Source) at sun.launcher.LauncherHelper.checkAndLoadMain(Unknown Source) Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(Unknown Source) at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(Unknown Source) at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Unknown Source) at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(Unknown Source) ... 7 more Error: A JNI error has occurred, please check your installation and try again Exception in thread "main"

Answer 1

Your output jar don't have necessary libraries included and dependencies can't be found on classpath. To solve that, either include them on classpath (in your case, put them in the same folder as the output jar, there may be some plugins to help automate that, though this doesn't look like a giid idea, your folder will be polluted with tons of dependency jars, keeping it out of organize) or use maven-shade-plugin to merge those dependencies into output jar.