Java中的线程：如何锁定对象？

Question

The following Function is executing in its own thread:

private void doSendData()
{
    try {

           //writeToFile(); // just a temporary location of a call
           InetAddress serverAddr = InetAddress.getByName(serverAddress);
           serverAddr.wait(60000);
           //Log.d("TCP", "C: Connecting...");
           Socket socket = new Socket(serverAddr, portNumber);
           socket.setSoTimeout(3000);

               try {
                //Log.d("TCP", "C: Sending: '" + message + "'");
                PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter( new BufferedWriter( new OutputStreamWriter(socket.getOutputStream())),true);
                String message = packData();
                out.println(message);
                Log.d("TCP", "C: Sent.");
                Log.d("TCP", "C: Done.");
                connectionAvailable = true;

             } catch(Exception e) {
                 Log.e("TCP", "S: Error", e);
                 connectionAvailable = false;

               } finally {
                  socket.close();
                  announceNetworkAvailability(connectionAvailable);
                }

         } catch (Exception e) {
              Log.e("TCP", "C: Error", e);
              announceNetworkAvailability(connectionAvailable);
         }
}

When the execution reaches the line serverAddr.wait(60000) it throws an Exception:

java.lang.IllegalMonitorStateException: object not locked by thread before wait()

Does anyone know how to lock an object or a function in order to prevent the concurrency? I've tried to add a Lock object:

private final Lock lock = new ReentrantLock();

and the line

boolean locked = lock.tryLock();

at the beginning of function but it didn't work.

Answer 1

In order to call wait() on an object, you have to hold the synchronized lock on that object (though the lock is actually released while the thread is waiting):

synchronized (serverAddr) {
  serverAddr.wait();
}

I have to admit that why you're wanting to do this baffles me in this case...

Answer 2

Maybe the method you are looking for is Thread.sleep(long) ? This method will wait (as in stop the execution of the thread) for the specified time in milliseconds before resuming.

object.wait(long) (which is what you are using) does something entirely different. It waits for another object from another thread to notify it (ie: send it a sort of wakeup message), and will wait at most the specified number of milliseconds. Given the code you posted, I highly doubt this is what you really want.

If Thread.sleep() is not what you want, then you should use the synchronized block as mentioned by the other posters.

Answer 3

I always cringe when I see this kind of code. Do yourself a favour and have a look at the java.util.concurrent package.

Answer 4

To avoid that error message, use the synchronized keyword:

synchronized(serverAddr){
  serverAddr.wait(60000);
}

Answer 5

The above are correct. You can use a synchronized block of code. Or you can create what they call a mutex. A mutex can actually be any object. Lots of people just use Object itself as a mutex. Then you can lock on the mutex. Any threads wanting to get access must wait for thread holding the mutex to release it.

There was also a suggestion by Apocalisp. I would also recommend that you look at the java.util.concurrent package.

Answer 6

Below code should work.

     private final ReentrantLock lock = new ReentrantLock();

     lock.lock();  // block until condition holds
     try {
        serverAddr.wait(60000);
     } finally {
       lock.unlock()
     }
   }

Refer to this documentation page for more details.

public void lock()

Acquires the lock.

Acquires the lock if it is not held by another thread and returns immediately, setting the lock hold count to one.

If the current thread already holds the lock then the hold count is incremented by one and the method returns immediately.

If the lock is held by another thread then the current thread becomes disabled for thread scheduling purposes and lies dormant until the lock has been acquired, at which time the lock hold count is set to one

Refer to this SE question to know the advantages of lock over synchronization :

Synchronization vs Lock

Answer 7

通常，当您在Java中使用多线程程序时，您需要使用synchronized（key-word）来锁定共享变量，然后在任何时候只需一个线程就可以访问共享内存。