返回名称首字母大写的函数

Question

I created a Python function that takes an argument, fullname, gets fullname's initials and prints them out capitalized. But there's a problem with my code - it only works with two names. It breaks if the fullname has a middle name, ie Daniel Day Lewis.

Here is what I tried:

def get_initials(fullname):
    xs = (fullname)
    name_list = xs.split()

    print(name_list)

#Given a person's name, return the person's initials (uppercase)

    first = name_list[0][0]
    second = name_list[1][0]

    return(first.upper() + second.upper())

answer = get_initials("Ozzie Smith")
print("The initials of 'Ozzie Smith' are", answer) 

Obviously this attempt only includes two variables, one for the first name and one for the second name. If I add a third variable, like this:

def get_initials(fullname):
    xs = (fullname)
    name_list = xs.split()

    print(name_list)

#Given a person's name, return the person's initials (uppercase)

    first = name_list[0][0]
    second = name_list[1][0]
    third = name_list[2][0]
    return(first.upper() + second.upper() + third.upper())

answer = get_initials("Ozzie Smith")
print("The initials of 'Ozzie Smith' are", answer) 

I get:

IndexError: list index out of range on line 10

(which is the line)

third = name_list[2][0]

Of course this function does work if I change fullname to "Ozzie Smith Jr". But my function has to work regardless of whether there are 1, 2, 3, or 4 names in fullname. I need to say something like:

def get_initials(fullname):
    xs = (fullname)
    name_list = xs.split()

    print(name_list)

#Given a person's name, return the person's initials (uppercase)

    first = name_list[0][0]

    #if fullname has a second name: 
    second = name_list[1][0]

    #if fullname has a third name: 
    third = name_list[2][0]

    #if fullname has one name:
    return(first.upper())

    #if fullname has two names:
    return(first.upper() + second.upper())

    #if fullname has three names:
    return(first.upper() + second.upper() + third.upper())

    #if fullname has three names:
    return(first.upper() + second.upper() + third.upper + fourth.upper())

answer = get_initials("Ozzie Smith")
print("The initials of 'Ozzie Smith' are", answer)

How do I say "if fullname has a second name or third name or fourth name, return the uppercase initial" in Python? Or am I on the right track? Thank you.

Answer 1

You can make use of a list comprehension :

s = ''.join([x[0].upper() for x in fullname.split(' ')])

---

edit : should probably explain a little more list comprehensions allow you to build a list as you iterate. So first we build a list by splitting fullname with a space fullname.split(' ') . As we get those values, we take the fist letter x[0] and uppercase it .upper() . Finally we join the list into one with no spaces ''.join(...) .

This is a nice one liner that's really fast and will pop up in various forms as you continue working with python.

Answer 2

How about something like:

def get_initials(fullname):
  xs = (fullname)
  name_list = xs.split()

  initials = ""

  for name in name_list:  # go through each name
    initials += name[0].upper()  # append the initial

  return initials

Answer 3

这应该工作

map(str.upper, zip(*the_persons_name.split())[0])

Answer 4

一个班轮的另一个变化如下，我们可以把所有的首字母加入第一个然后最后做upper 1个镜头

''.join(i[0] for i in a.split()).upper()

Answer 5

This is my answer:

1. Splitting the string into a list
2. Iterate through elements using range and i
3. Taking index 0 for each element during iteration (Hence words[i][0] )
4. words[i][0].upper for the upper case requirement for the question

def initials(phrase):
    words = phrase.split()
    result = ""
    for i in range(len(words)):
        result += words[i][0].upper()
    return result
    
print(initials("Universal Serial Bus")) # Should be: USB
print(initials("local area network")) # Should be: LAN
print(initials("Operating system")) # Should be: OS

Answer 6

def initials(name):
    words = name.split()
    result = "" 
    for word in words:
        result += word[0].upper()
    return result