匹配并捕获多个RegEx语句

Question

I'm running the below on a 2008 R2 file server to extract quota info since the PS FSRM module isn't available. When matching the strings in the $RegEx variable, it works fine as long as there's only 2 strings in the variable, and the $matches[1] and $matches[2] values are added as expected to the object array, but when I try to add a 3rd capture, or in this case 5 captures, I get no output at all. Nothing in $matches and nothing in $objArr .

$RegEx = 'Quota Path:\s+(.*)[\s\S]*?' +
         'Source Template:\s+(.*)\s+' +
         'Limit:\s+(.*)\s+' +
         'Used:\s+(.*)\s+' +
         'Available:\s+(.*)'
$objArr = @()

$objArr = (dirquota qu l | Out-String) -replace '\r\n', "`n" -split '\n\n' |
          where {$_ -match $RegEx} |
          foreach {
            New-Object -TypeName psobject -Property ([ordered]@{
              QuotaPath  = $matches[1]
              Template   = $matches[2]
              QuotaLimit = $matches[3]
              Used       = $matches[4]
              Availble   = $matches[5]
            })
          }

What I don't understand is I can rearrange the captures and any combination of 2 will work, so it seems the capture strings are correct to some degree, but as soon as I try to add a 3rd or more, I get nothing. I'm sure I'm missing something with the way the RegEx capture strings are formatted.

The dirquota qu l | Out-String dirquota qu l | Out-String outputs a string as follows:

...

Quota Path:             E:\DirA\SubdirA\SubdirA1
Share Path:             \\SERVER\SubdirA\SubdirA1
                        \\SERVER\E\DirA\SubdirA\SubdirA1
                        \\SERVER\DirA\SubdirA\SubdirA1
Source Template:        TemplateA (Matches template)
Quota Status:           Enabled
Limit:                  500.00 MB (Hard)
Used:                   6.00 KB (0%)
Available:              499.99 MB
Peak Usage:             6.00 KB (4/1/2015 12:27 PM)
Thresholds:
   Warning ( 80%):      Event Log
   Limit (100%):        Event Log

Quota Path:             E:\DirB\SubdirB\SubdirB1
Share Path:             \\SERVER\SubdirB\SubdirB1
                        \\SERVER\E\DirB\SubdirB\SubdirB1
                        \\SERVER\DirB\SubdirB\SubdirB1
Source Template:        TemplateB (Matches template)
Quota Status:           Enabled
Limit:                  500.00 MB (Hard)
Used:                   1.00 KB (0%)
Available:              500.00 MB
Peak Usage:             1.00 KB (7/12/2016 12:09 PM)
Thresholds:
   Warning ( 80%):      Event Log
   Limit (100%):        Event Log

...

Answer 1

• I recently read in an answer that the validity of the $matches collection over pipe boundaries isn't guarantied.
• Therefor I removed the where,
• get the data from file
• A new second RegEx is used to split the file into chunks starting with (and including) Quota Path )
• I broke down the RegEx in RegEx101.com see link.
• and use named capture groups to better keep track
• the resulting $objArr is piped to Out-Gridview

---

# https://www.regex101.com/r/3WrfYk/1
$File = ".\quota.txt"
# dirquota qu l | Set-Content $File
$Delimiter = 'Quota Path:'
$Escaped   = [regex]::Escape($Delimiter)
$Split     = "(?!^)(?=$Escaped)"
$RegEx = '(?smi)^Quota Path:\s+(?<QuotaPath>.*?)$.*?' `
         + '^Source Template:\s+(?<Template>.*?)$.*?' `
         + '^Limit:\s+(?<QuotaLimit>.*?)' `
         + 'Used:\s+(?<Used>.*?)$.' `
         + 'Available:\s+(?<Available>.*?)$.'
$objArr = @()
$objArr = ((Get-Content $File -Raw) -split $Split)|
  foreach {
    if ($_ -match $RegEx) {
       New-Object -TypeName psobject -Property (
       [ordered]@{ QuotaPath  = $matches.QuotaPath 
                   Template   = $matches.Template  
                   QuotaLimit = $matches.QuotaLimit
                   Used       = $matches.Used      
                   Availble   = $matches.Availble   
                })
    } # if
} # foreach
$objArr|select QuotaPath,Template,QuotaLimit,Used,Available|out-gridview

Answer 2

You're not getting the desired results because your regular expression simply doesn't match. There's an additional line between the SourceTemplate and Limit record that your modified regular expression doesn't account for:

...
Quota Path:             E:\DirA\SubdirA\SubdirA1
Share Path:             \\SERVER\SubdirA\SubdirA1
                        \\SERVER\E\DirA\SubdirA\SubdirA1
                        \\SERVER\DirA\SubdirA\SubdirA1
Source Template:        TemplateA (Matches template)

Limit:                  500.00 MB (Hard)
Used:                   6.00 KB (0%)
Available:              499.99 MB
...

The Source Template:\\s+(.*)\\s+ part of your regular expression matches the (sub)string "Source Template:" followed by one or more whitespace characters ( \\s+ ), a grouped match of all characters up to (but not including) the next newline ( (.*) ), and again one or more whitespace characters ( \\s+ ). However, since the next part of your regular expression is Limit:\\s+(.*)\\s+ you'd only get a match if the line after Source Template: begins with Limit: .

Basically, the pattern Source Template:\\s+(.*)\\s+ only matches this:

...
                        \\SERVER\DirA\SubdirA\SubdirA1
Quota Status:           Enabled
Limit:                  500.00 MB (Hard)
...

when you actually need it to match this:

...
                        \\SERVER\DirA\SubdirA\SubdirA1
Limit:                  500.00 MB (Hard)
...

To make it include additional lines you need to change

'Source Template:\s+(.*)\s+'

into

'Source Template:\s+(.*)[\s\S]+?'

The character class [\\s\\S] matches any character instead of just whitespace characters ( \\s ), and the modifier +? makes an non-greedy match of one or more characters. That way the expression includes all text up to the next occurrence of the string Limit: .