C＃解析复杂的XML LINQ

Question

I have been trying to parse the following XML file with some success.

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<Settings>
    <Tasks>
        <Task ID="1" Name="task_1" Active="1" NextEID="25" AR="0" CacheNames="random">
            <Schedules>
                <Schedule OnlyUntilFirstSuccess="0" FailIfNoSuccessInSched="0" RunEvenIfNotif="0">
                    <Days>
                        <DayOfWeek>Monday</DayOfWeek>
                        <DayOfWeek>Tuesday</DayOfWeek>
                        <DayOfWeek>Wednesday</DayOfWeek>
                        <DayOfWeek>Thursday</DayOfWeek>
                        <DayOfWeek>Friday</DayOfWeek>
                        <DayOfWeek>Saturday</DayOfWeek>
                        <DayOfWeek>Sunday</DayOfWeek>
                    </Days>
                    <Frequency>
                        <Interval StartTime="09:45" EndTime="09:45" EveryMinutes="0"></Interval>
                    </Frequency>
                </Schedule>
            </Schedules>
        </Task>
        <Task ID="2" Name="task_2" Active="1" NextEID="25" AR="0" CacheNames="random">
            <Schedules>
                <Schedule OnlyUntilFirstSuccess="0" FailIfNoSuccessInSched="0" RunEvenIfNotif="0">
                    <Days>
                        <DayOfWeek>Monday</DayOfWeek>
                        <DayOfWeek>Tuesday</DayOfWeek>
                        <DayOfWeek>Wednesday</DayOfWeek>
                        <DayOfWeek>Thursday</DayOfWeek>
                        <DayOfWeek>Friday</DayOfWeek>
                        <DayOfWeek>Saturday</DayOfWeek>
                        <DayOfWeek>Sunday</DayOfWeek>
                    </Days>
                    <Frequency>
                        <Interval StartTime="12:45" EndTime="09:45" EveryMinutes="0"></Interval>
                    </Frequency>
                </Schedule>
            </Schedules>
        </Task>
    </Tasks>
</Settings>

Using several tutorials online I have pieced together the following C# code :

public static void ParseXml()
        {
            string strFile = "File.xml";

            XDocument xdoc = XDocument.Load(strFile);

            var tasks = from s in xdoc.Descendants("Tasks")
                        select new
                        {
                            taskID = s.Element("Task").Attribute("ID").Value,
                            taskName = s.Element("Task").Attribute("Name").Value,
                            taskActive = s.Element("Task").Attribute("Active").Value,
                            taskSchedule = s.Element("Task").Element("Schedules").Element("Schedule").Element("Days")
                        };

            foreach (var t in tasks)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Task Id :: {0}", t.taskID);
                Console.WriteLine("Task Name :: {0}", t.taskName);
                Console.WriteLine("Task Status :: {0}", t.taskActive);
                Console.WriteLine("Task Schedule :: {0}", t.taskSchedule);
            }

            Console.ReadKey();
        }

My goals is to parse out each task, task ID, Name, Days, Frequency. I'd like to ultimately be able to use these values to chart the TaskID and StartTime on a scatter plot graph. I tried creating the following classes thinking it might help me deal with it the file but I don't know how to tie it all together.

        public class Task
        {
            public static int taskId { get; set; }
            public static string taskName { get; set; }
        }

        public class Schedule
        {
            public enum DayOfWeek
            {
                Monday,
                Tuesday,
                Wednsday,
                Thursday,
                Friday,
                Saturday,
                Sunday
            }
        }

        public class Frequency
        {
            public static DateTime startTime { get; set; }
            public static DateTime endTime { get; set; }
            public static int everyMins { get; set; }
        }

Any help / direction would be appreciated. Please just don't post the solution if you have one. Please explain it so that I can learn from it and contribute to this community in the future.

Thanks! Gabe

Answer 1

Firstly, you'll need to structure your classes as per the source XML. So a Settings class within which you have Tasks and so on. Something like this. I haven't put in all the XML attributes of course. But you should get the gist. You need the [XMLAttribute] attribute decorating your properties representing XML attributes. Also all the property names are case sensitive. So be sure they match (ID instead of Id). There are ways around this using attributes though:

    public class Settings
    {
        public List<Task> Tasks { get; set; }
    }

    public class Task
    {
        [XmlAttribute]
        public int ID { get; set; }

        [XmlAttribute]
        public string Name { get; set; }
        public List<Schedule> Schedules { get; set; }

    }

    public class Schedule
    {
        [XmlAttribute]
        public string OnlyUntilFirstSuccess { get; set; }
        public List<DayOfWeek> Days { get; set; }
        public Frequency Frequency { get; set; }

    }
    public class Frequency
    {
        public Interval Interval { get; set; }
    }

    public class Interval
    {
        [XmlAttribute]
        public string StartTime { get; set; }
        [XmlAttribute]
        public string EndTime { get; set; }
        [XmlAttribute]
        public int EveryMins { get; set; }
    }

Then you can use an XmlSerializer to serialize the XML to your class. So your ParseXml() method should look something like this:

    public static void ParseXml()
    {
        string fileName = "File.xml";
        XDocument xdoc = XDocument.Load(fileName);
        using (TextReader reader = new StringReader(xdoc.ToString()))
        {
            try
            {
                var settings = (Settings)new XmlSerializer(typeof(Settings)).Deserialize(reader);
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                // Handle exceptions as you see fit
            }
        }
    }

Other things to note: don't name variable strxxxxx to denote they are strings and standard convention is that public variable names start with capital letters. Also, you'll need the following:

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Xml.Linq;
using System.Xml.Serialization;