[英]How does npm list know which ones are direct dependencies?
Get into a new directly, after typing those three commands:输入这三个命令后,直接进入一个新的:
npm install underscore
npm install lodash
npm install express
I get a node_modules
directory with many packages:我得到一个包含许多包的
node_modules
目录:
$ ls node_modules
accepts cookie-signature encodeurl forwarded lodash mime-db parseurl send underscore
array-flatten debug escape-html fresh media-typer mime-types path-to-regexp serve-static unpipe
content-disposition depd etag http-errors merge-descriptors ms proxy-addr setprototypeof utils-merge
content-type destroy express inherits methods negotiator qs statuses vary
cookie ee-first finalhandler ipaddr.js mime on-finished range-parser type-is
While using npm list
, I can get a tree strcture:在使用
npm list
,我可以得到一个树结构:
$ npm list
/tmp/play/npm
├─┬ express@4.14.0
│ ├─┬ accepts@1.3.3
│ │ ├─┬ mime-types@2.1.13
│ │ │ └── mime-db@1.25.0
│ │ └── negotiator@0.6.1
│ ├── array-flatten@1.1.1
│ ├── content-disposition@0.5.1
│ ├── content-type@1.0.2
│ ├── cookie@0.3.1
│ ├── cookie-signature@1.0.6
│ ├─┬ debug@2.2.0
│ │ └── ms@0.7.1
│ ├── depd@1.1.0
│ ├── encodeurl@1.0.1
│ ├── escape-html@1.0.3
│ ├── etag@1.7.0
│ ├─┬ finalhandler@0.5.0
│ │ ├── statuses@1.3.1
│ │ └── unpipe@1.0.0
│ ├── fresh@0.3.0
│ ├── merge-descriptors@1.0.1
│ ├── methods@1.1.2
│ ├─┬ on-finished@2.3.0
│ │ └── ee-first@1.1.1
│ ├── parseurl@1.3.1
│ ├── path-to-regexp@0.1.7
│ ├─┬ proxy-addr@1.1.2
│ │ ├── forwarded@0.1.0
│ │ └── ipaddr.js@1.1.1
│ ├── qs@6.2.0
│ ├── range-parser@1.2.0
│ ├─┬ send@0.14.1
│ │ ├── destroy@1.0.4
│ │ ├─┬ http-errors@1.5.1
│ │ │ ├── inherits@2.0.3
│ │ │ └── setprototypeof@1.0.2
│ │ └── mime@1.3.4
│ ├── serve-static@1.11.1
│ ├─┬ type-is@1.6.14
│ │ └── media-typer@0.3.0
│ ├── utils-merge@1.0.0
│ └── vary@1.1.0
├── lodash@4.17.2
└── underscore@1.8.3
My question is: from all those dependencies, how does npm list
know which ones are my direct dependencies such as undersocre
, lodash
and express
?我的问题是:从所有这些依赖项中,
npm list
如何知道哪些是我的直接依赖项,例如undersocre
、 lodash
和express
?
note: I don't have a package.json
file.注意:我没有
package.json
文件。
It builds the list on the basis of the dependencies of the modules.它根据模块的依赖关系构建列表。 The dependencies of the modules are specified in the
package.json
of each module in the dependencies
field.模块的依赖项在每个模块的
package.json
中的dependencies
字段中指定。 When you install a module npm
adds some additional fields to the module's package.json
and one of those is the field _requiredBy
to store the dependency link in the other direction as well.当你安装一个模块时,
npm
会向模块的package.json
添加一些额外的字段,其中一个是字段_requiredBy
来存储另一个方向的依赖链接。 If you run the npm list
command it goes through all the modules and reads the _requiredBy
field in package.json
of each module.如果您运行
npm list
命令,它会遍历所有模块并读取每个模块的package.json
中的_requiredBy
字段。
If you install a module directly without saving it to your package.json
, npm
adds #USER
to the _requiredBy
field to signify that you manually installed it and it is not just a dependency of the other modules.如果您直接安装模块而不将其保存到
package.json
, npm
会将#USER
添加到_requiredBy
字段以表示您手动安装了它,并且它不仅仅是其他模块的依赖项。 Then npm list
shows that module in the root of the tree as well.然后
npm list
也会在树的根部显示该模块。
你可以使用这个命令:
npm list --depth=0 2>/dev/null
npm list
command will print to stdout all the versions of packages that are installed, as well as their dependencies, in a tree-structure. npm list
命令将以树状结构将已安装软件包的所有版本及其依赖项打印到标准输出。
So you have only installed three packages所以你只安装了三个包
npm install underscore
npm install lodash
npm install express
All other packages are dependency for express
package所有其他包都是
express
包的依赖项
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