如何使用 Typescript、React 和 Webpack 导入 CSS 模块

Question

How to import CSS modules in Typescript with Webpack?

1. Generate (or auto-generate) .d.ts files for CSS? And use classic Typescript import statement? With ./styles.css.d.ts :

    import * as styles from './styles.css'

2. Import using require Webpack function?

    let styles = require("./styles.css");

But for the last approach I must define the require function.

What is the best approach or best option and one that can also handle IntelliSense for the CSS file definitions and classes?

Answer 1

A) As you are saying, there is one simplest (not best) option to use require :

const css = require('./component.css')

• We need to have typings for require as it's not standard feature in typescript.

• Simplest typing for this specific require may be:

   declare function require(name: string): string;

• Webpack will then compile typescript and use modules properly - BUT without any IDE help and class names checks for build .

B) There is better solution to use standard import :

import * as css from './component.css'

• enables full class names IntelliSense
• requires types definition for each css file, otherwise tsc compiler will fail

For proper IntelliSense, Webpack needs to generate types definition for each css file:

1. Use webpack typings-for-css-modules-loader

    webpackConfig.module.loaders: [ { test: /\\.css$/, loader: 'typings-for-css-modules?modules' } { test: /\\.scss$/, loader: 'typings-for-css-modules?modules&sass' } ];

2. Loader will generate *.css.d.ts files for each of css files in your codebase

3. Typescript compiler will understand that css import will be module with properties (class names) of type string.

Mentioned typings-for-css-loader contains a bug and because of types file generation delay, it's best to declare global *.css type in case our *.css.d.ts file is not generated yet.

That little bug scenario:

1. Create css file component.css
2. Include it in component import * as css from './component.css'
3. Run webpack
4. Typescript compiler will try to compile code (ERROR)
5. Loader will generate Css modules typings file ( component.css.d.ts ), but it's late for typescript compiler to find new typings file
6. Run webpack again will fix build error.

Easy fix is to create global definition (eg. file called typings.d.ts in your source root) for importing CSS Modules:

declare module '*.css' {
  interface IClassNames {
    [className: string]: string
  }
  const classNames: IClassNames;
  export = classNames;
}

This definition will be used if there is no css file generated (eg. you have added new css file). Otherwise will be used generated specific (needs to be in same folder and named same as source file + .d.ts extension) , eg. component.css.d.ts definition and IntelliSense will work perfectly.

Example of component.css.d.ts :

export const wrapper: string;
export const button: string;
export const link: string;

And if you don't want to see generated css typings you may setup filter in IDE to hide all files with extension .css.d.ts in your sources.

Answer 2

I have added a file named Global.d.ts or typings.d.ts to my ./src folder with some type definitions:

declare module "*.module.css";

Webpack css config:

{
  test: /\.css$/,
  use: [
    isProductionBuild ? MiniCssExtractPlugin.loader : "style-loader",
    {
      loader: "css-loader",
      options: {
        modules: true,
        importLoaders: 1,
        localIdentName: "[name]_[local]_[hash:base64]",
        sourceMap: true,
        minimize: true
      }
    }
  ]
},

Then I simply import the module like: import styles from "./App.module.css";

Answer 3

Now in the year 2021, all you need to do is add a src/Globals.d.ts to your project with these lines:

declare module "*.module.css";
declare module "*.module.scss";
// and so on for whatever flavor of css you're using

Then install and add

{
  "compilerOptions": {
    "plugins": [{ "name": "typescript-plugin-css-modules" }]
  }
}

to your tsconfig.

Example of this correctly functioning in VS code after making that simple change (root is a class defined in my stylesheet):

Webpack and tsc also compile correctly on the command line.

Answer 4

In 2022, all I needed to do it to add Globals.d.ts file under the src folder
with

declare module "*.module.css";
declare module "*.module.scss";

Then I can import CSS modules in my typescript files as usual for css or scss files:

import styles from "./Team.module.scss";

Answer 5

Or import using require webpack function

This is just what I used to do and still have that code in a few of my projects out there.

---

Now : I wrote typestyle : http://typestyle.github.io/#/ but you don't have to use it. Just stick with const styles = require('./styles.css') if it makes you happy. FWIW you can also use raw css with typestyle if you want http://typestyle.github.io/#/raw

Answer 6

我认为现在打字稿可以通过简单地执行 import 'fileTobeImportedPath.css' 来导入 css 文件

Answer 7

This case is related to Typescript. You can add typings.d.ts in your project with this content:

declare module "*.module.css";
declare module "*.module.scss";

It is good practice to use file name with *.module.* format if you want to enable CSS Module.

css-loader will enable CSS Module automatically for files with name that satisfy this RegEx: /\\.module\\.\\w+$/i . This feature is customable by setting options.modules property as an object.

For example:

import style from './App.module.css'; // CSS Module enabled
import './index.css'; // Plain CSS loaded

For recent configuration, you can add this rule to webpack.config.js :

{
  test: /\.css$/,
  use: [
    'style-loader',
    {
      loader: "css-loader",
      options: {
        modules: {
          localIdentName: "[hash:base64]", // default
          auto: true // default
        },
        sourceMap: true
      }
    },
  ]
},

A custom configuration example:

{
  loader: "css-loader",
  options: {
    modules: {
      localIdentName: "[name]_[local]_[hash:base64]", // custom class name format
      auto: /\.cmod\.\w+$/i, // custom auto enable CSS Module for "*.cmod.css" format
    },
  }
},

Complete documentation is HERE .

Answer 8

I use create-react-app , but for some reason other solutions didn't work, something was missing; I think it's because VS Code uses its own TypeScript vesrion. So here is all I did until it finally worked; if you use create-react-app & VS Code it should work for you as well:

1. run npm i typescript-plugin-css-modules --save-dev
2. in the project's root folder, create a file named styles.d.ts (or something like this) and paste the following content:

styles.d.ts

// if you use css
declare module "*.module.css" {
  const classes: { [key: string]: string };
  export default classes;
}

// if you use scss
declare module "*.module.scss" {
  const classes: { [key: string]: string };
  export default classes;
}

// if you use less
declare module "*.module.less" {
  const classes: { [key: string]: string };
  export default classes;
}

3. in.vscode/settings.json (create the file if you don't already have it) - add the below fields:

.vscode/settings.json

"typescript.tsdk": "node_modules/typescript/lib",
"typescript.enablePromptUseWorkspaceTsdk": true

So, the file might look like so:

.vscode/settings.json

{
   "typescript.tsdk": "node_modules/typescript/lib",
   "typescript.enablePromptUseWorkspaceTsdk": true
}

Answer 9

let styles = require("./styles.css"); is the best approch because it is es5 version of javascript which is compatible with every feature of react. import * as styles from './styles.css' is es6 version of javascript.