使用 readxl 包从 URL 读取 Excel 文件

Question

Consider a file on the internet (like this one (note the s in https) https://evs.nci.nih.gov/ftp1/CDISC/SDTM/SDTM%20Terminology.xls

How can the sheet 2 of the file be read into R?

The following code is approximation of what is desired (but fails)

url1<-'https://evs.nci.nih.gov/ftp1/CDISC/SDTM/SDTM%20Terminology.xls'
p1f <- tempfile()
download.file(url1, p1f, mode="wb")
p1<-read_excel(path = p1f, sheet = 2)

Answer 1

This works for me on Windows:

library(readxl)
library(httr)
packageVersion("readxl")
# [1] ‘0.1.1’

GET(url1, write_disk(tf <- tempfile(fileext = ".xls")))
df <- read_excel(tf, 2L)
str(df)
# Classes ‘tbl_df’, ‘tbl’ and 'data.frame': 20131 obs. of  8 variables:
# $ Code                        : chr  "C115388" "C115800" "C115801" "C115802" ...
# $ Codelist Code               : chr  NA "C115388" "C115388" "C115388" ...
# $ Codelist Extensible (Yes/No): chr  "No" NA NA NA ...
# $ Codelist Name               : chr  "6 Minute Walk Functional Test Test Code" "6 Minute Walk Functional Test Test Code" "6 Minute Walk Functional Test Test Code" "6 Minute Walk Functional Test Test Code" ...
# $ CDISC Submission Value      : chr  "SIXMW1TC" "SIXMW101" "SIXMW102" "SIXMW103" ...
# $ CDISC Synonym(s)            : chr  "6 Minute Walk Functional Test Test Code" "SIXMW1-Distance at 1 Minute" "SIXMW1-Distance at 2 Minutes" "SIXMW1-Distance at 3 Minutes" ...
# $ CDISC Definition            : chr  "6 Minute Walk Test test code." "6 Minute Walk Test - Distance at 1 minute." "6 Minute Walk Test - Distance at 2 minutes." "6 Minute Walk Test - Distance at 3 minutes." ...
# $ NCI Preferred Term          : chr  "CDISC Functional Test 6MWT Test Code Terminology" "6MWT - Distance at 1 Minute" "6MWT - Distance at 2 Minutes" "6MWT - Distance at 3 Minutes" ...

Answer 2

From this issue on Github (#278):

some functionality for supporting more general inputs will be pulled out of readr, at which point readxl can exploit that.

So we should be able to pass urls directly to read_excel() in the (hopefully near) future.

Answer 3

use rio R package. link . Here a reprex:

library(tidyverse)
library(rio)
url <- 'https://evs.nci.nih.gov/ftp1/CDISC/SDTM/SDTM%20Terminology.xls'
rio::import(file = url,which = 2) %>% 
  glimpse()
#> 
#> Rows: 30,995
#> Columns: 8
#> $ Code                           <chr> "C141663", "C141706", "C141707"...
#> $ `Codelist Code`                <chr> NA, "C141663", "C141663", "C141...
#> $ `Codelist Extensible (Yes/No)` <chr> "No", NA, NA, NA, "No", NA, NA,...
#> $ `Codelist Name`                <chr> "4 Stair Ascend Functional Test...
#> $ `CDISC Submission Value`       <chr> "A4STR1TC", "A4STR101", "A4STR1...
#> $ `CDISC Synonym(s)`             <chr> "4 Stair Ascend Functional Test...
#> $ `CDISC Definition`             <chr> "4 Stair Ascend test code.", "4...
#> $ `NCI Preferred Term`           <chr> "CDISC Functional Test 4 Stair ...

Answer 4

A simpler solution is using the openxlsx package . Here is an example, which can be adapted to your needs:

library(openxlsx)
df = read.xlsx("https://archive.ics.uci.edu/ml/machine-learning-databases/00242/ENB2012_data.xlsx",sheet=1)

Answer 5

When I execute the first 3 lines I get three files in a temp folder and the one with no file extension is named filed3a2827f129 . If I add an extension `.xls`` to that file, it can be opened with OpenOffice.org's Calc function and this is the upper right corner of what the viewer panel shows for sheet2.

So I wondered if pasting that file path could get read_excel to open it. It won't open the original file name but it will open the renamed file:

> p1<-read_excel( path ="/private/var/folders/yq/m3j1jqtj6hq6s5mq_v0jn3s80000gn/T/RtmpxfaZRt/filed3a2827f129.xls", sheet = 2)
DEFINEDNAME: 21 00 00 01 0b 00 00 00 02 00 00 00 00 00 00 0d 3b 00 00 00 00 a3 4e 00 00 07 00 
DEFINEDNAME: 21 00 00 01 0b 00 00 00 02 00 00 00 00 00 00 0d 3b 00 00 00 00 a3 4e 00 00 07 00 
DEFINEDNAME: 21 00 00 01 0b 00 00 00 02 00 00 00 00 00 00 0d 3b 00 00 00 00 a3 4e 00 00 07 00 
DEFINEDNAME: 21 00 00 01 0b 00 00 00 02 00 00 00 00 00 00 0d 3b 00 00 00 00 a3 4e 00 00 07 00 
> str(p1)
Classes ‘tbl_df’, ‘tbl’ and 'data.frame':   20131 obs. of  8 variables:
 $ Code                        : chr  "C115388" "C115800" "C115801" "C115802" ...
 $ Codelist Code               : chr  NA "C115388" "C115388" "C115388" ...
 $ Codelist Extensible (Yes/No): chr  "No" NA NA NA ...
 $ Codelist Name               : chr  "6 Minute Walk Functional Test Test Code" "6 Minute Walk Functional Test Test Code" "6 Minute Walk Functional Test Test Code" "6 Minute Walk Functional Test Test Code" ...
 $ CDISC Submission Value      : chr  "SIXMW1TC" "SIXMW101" "SIXMW102" "SIXMW103" ...
 $ CDISC Synonym(s)            : chr  "6 Minute Walk Functional Test Test Code" "SIXMW1-Distance at 1 Minute" "SIXMW1-Distance at 2 Minutes" "SIXMW1-Distance at 3 Minutes" ...
 $ CDISC Definition            : chr  "6 Minute Walk Test test code." "6 Minute Walk Test - Distance at 1 minute." "6 Minute Walk Test - Distance at 2 minutes." "6 Minute Walk Test - Distance at 3 minutes." ...
 $ NCI Preferred Term          : chr  "CDISC Functional Test 6MWT Test Code Terminology" "6MWT - Distance at 1 Minute" "6MWT - Distance at 2 Minutes" "6MWT - Distance at 3 Minutes" ...