无法加载此类文件--bcrypt_ext

Question

I'm currently experiencing the failure of bcrypt's encryptor while using Devise for Rails 5.0.1. I never had this issue before with the earlier Rails 4.2. I can't register new users through Devise. I will post information with regards to my gemfile and server log.

Gemfile.rb

gem 'bcrypt', platforms: :ruby

# Devise
gem 'devise'
gem 'devise_security_extension'

gem 'redis'
# Bundle edge Rails instead: gem 'rails', github: 'rails/rails'
gem 'rails', '~> 5.0.1'

Server log

Started POST "/register" for 127.0.0.1 at 2017-01-12 13:50:05 -0500
Processing by Users::RegistrationsController#create as HTML
  Parameters: {"utf8"=>"✓", "authenticity_token"=>"bH6n7iWLhPMECDzTVkMyTc9FXtvkGrq5+K4wFs1g8Bxbjq9ShaLJP5gn72SFQlHc01j2ao5JKcv57ClWAzwsmw==", "user"=>{"email"=>"craigcarl@codex.com", "username"=>"codex", "password"=>"[FILTERED]", "password_confirmation"=>"[FILTERED]"}, "commit"=>"Sign up"}
Completed 500 Internal Server Error in 258ms (ActiveRecord: 0.0ms)



LoadError - cannot load such file -- bcrypt_ext:
  activesupport (5.0.1) lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:293:in `require'
  activesupport (5.0.1) lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:293:in `block in require'
  activesupport (5.0.1) lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:259:in `load_dependency'
  activesupport (5.0.1) lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:293:in `require'
  bcrypt-3.1.11-x86 (mingw32) lib/bcrypt.rb:16:in `rescue in <top (required)>'
  bcrypt-3.1.11-x86 (mingw32) lib/bcrypt.rb:12:in `<top (required)>'
  activesupport (5.0.1) lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:293:in `require'
  activesupport (5.0.1) lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:293:in `block in require'
  activesupport (5.0.1) lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:259:in `load_dependency'
  activesupport (5.0.1) lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:293:in `require'
  devise (4.2.0) lib/devise/encryptor.rb:1:in `<top (required)>'
  activesupport (5.0.1) lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:293:in `require'
  activesupport (5.0.1) lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:293:in `block in require'
  activesupport (5.0.1) lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:259:in `load_dependency'
  activesupport (5.0.1) lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:293:in `require'
  devise (4.2.0) lib/devise/models/database_authenticatable.rb:147:in `password_digest'
  devise (4.2.0) lib/devise/models/database_authenticatable.rb:40:in `password='
  activemodel (5.0.1) lib/active_model/attribute_assignment.rb:46:in `public_send'
  activemodel (5.0.1) lib/active_model/attribute_assignment.rb:46:in `_assign_attribute'
  activemodel (5.0.1) lib/active_model/attribute_assignment.rb:40:in `block in _assign_attributes'
  activemodel (5.0.1) lib/active_model/attribute_assignment.rb:39:in `each'
  activemodel (5.0.1) lib/active_model/attribute_assignment.rb:39:in `_assign_attributes'
  activerecord (5.0.1) lib/active_record/attribute_assignment.rb:26:in `_assign_attributes'
  activemodel (5.0.1) lib/active_model/attribute_assignment.rb:33:in `assign_attributes'
  activerecord (5.0.1) lib/active_record/core.rb:319:in `initialize'
  activerecord (5.0.1) lib/active_record/inheritance.rb:65:in `new'
  activerecord (5.0.1) lib/active_record/inheritance.rb:65:in `new'
  devise (4.2.0) lib/devise/models/registerable.rb:20:in `new_with_session'
  devise (4.2.0) app/controllers/devise/registrations_controller.rb:100:in `build_resource'
  devise (4.2.0) app/controllers/devise/registrations_controller.rb:15:in `create'
  actionpack (5.0.1) lib/action_controller/metal/basic_implicit_render.rb:4:in `send_action'
  actionpack (5.0.1) lib/abstract_controller/base.rb:188:in `process_action'
  actionpack (5.0.1) lib/action_controller/metal/rendering.rb:30:in `process_action'
  actionpack (5.0.1) lib/abstract_controller/callbacks.rb:20:in `block in process_action'
  activesupport (5.0.1) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:126:in `call'
  activesupport (5.0.1) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:506:in `block (2 levels) in compile'
  activesupport (5.0.1) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:455:in `call'
  activesupport (5.0.1) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:101:in `__run_callbacks__'
  activesupport (5.0.1) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:750:in `_run_process_action_callbacks'
  activesupport (5.0.1) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:90:in `run_callbacks'
  actionpack (5.0.1) lib/abstract_controller/callbacks.rb:19:in `process_action'
  actionpack (5.0.1) lib/action_controller/metal/rescue.rb:20:in `process_action'
  actionpack (5.0.1) lib/action_controller/metal/instrumentation.rb:32:in `block in process_action'
  activesupport (5.0.1) lib/active_support/notifications.rb:164:in `block in instrument'
  activesupport (5.0.1) lib/active_support/notifications/instrumenter.rb:21:in `instrument'
  activesupport (5.0.1) lib/active_support/notifications.rb:164:in `instrument'
  actionpack (5.0.1) lib/action_controller/metal/instrumentation.rb:30:in `process_action'
  actionpack (5.0.1) lib/action_controller/metal/params_wrapper.rb:248:in `process_action'
  activerecord (5.0.1) lib/active_record/railties/controller_runtime.rb:18:in `process_action'
  actionpack (5.0.1) lib/abstract_controller/base.rb:126:in `process'
  actionview (5.0.1) lib/action_view/rendering.rb:30:in `process'
  actionpack (5.0.1) lib/action_controller/metal.rb:190:in `dispatch'
  actionpack (5.0.1) lib/action_controller/metal.rb:262:in `dispatch'
  actionpack (5.0.1) lib/action_dispatch/routing/route_set.rb:50:in `dispatch'
  actionpack (5.0.1) lib/action_dispatch/routing/route_set.rb:32:in `serve'
  actionpack (5.0.1) lib/action_dispatch/routing/mapper.rb:16:in `block in <class:Constraints>'
  actionpack (5.0.1) lib/action_dispatch/routing/mapper.rb:46:in `serve'
  actionpack (5.0.1) lib/action_dispatch/journey/router.rb:39:in `block in serve'
  actionpack (5.0.1) lib/action_dispatch/journey/router.rb:26:in `each'
  actionpack (5.0.1) lib/action_dispatch/journey/router.rb:26:in `serve'
  actionpack (5.0.1) lib/action_dispatch/routing/route_set.rb:725:in `call'
  rack (2.0.1) lib/rack/deflater.rb:35:in `call'
  warden (1.2.6) lib/warden/manager.rb:35:in `block in call'
  warden (1.2.6) lib/warden/manager.rb:34:in `catch'
  warden (1.2.6) lib/warden/manager.rb:34:in `call'
  rack (2.0.1) lib/rack/etag.rb:25:in `call'
  rack (2.0.1) lib/rack/conditional_get.rb:38:in `call'
  rack (2.0.1) lib/rack/head.rb:12:in `call'
  rack (2.0.1) lib/rack/session/abstract/id.rb:222:in `context'
  rack (2.0.1) lib/rack/session/abstract/id.rb:216:in `call'
  actionpack (5.0.1) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/cookies.rb:613:in `call'
  activerecord (5.0.1) lib/active_record/migration.rb:553:in `call'
  actionpack (5.0.1) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/callbacks.rb:38:in `block in call'
  activesupport (5.0.1) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:97:in `__run_callbacks__'
  activesupport (5.0.1) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:750:in `_run_call_callbacks'
  activesupport (5.0.1) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:90:in `run_callbacks'
  actionpack (5.0.1) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/callbacks.rb:36:in `call'
  actionpack (5.0.1) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/executor.rb:12:in `call'
  actionpack (5.0.1) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/remote_ip.rb:79:in `call'
  better_errors (2.1.1) lib/better_errors/middleware.rb:84:in `protected_app_call'
  better_errors (2.1.1) lib/better_errors/middleware.rb:79:in `better_errors_call'
  better_errors (2.1.1) lib/better_errors/middleware.rb:57:in `call'
  actionpack (5.0.1) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/debug_exceptions.rb:49:in `call'
  web-console (3.4.0) lib/web_console/middleware.rb:135:in `call_app'
  web-console (3.4.0) lib/web_console/middleware.rb:28:in `block in call'
  web-console (3.4.0) lib/web_console/middleware.rb:18:in `catch'
  web-console (3.4.0) lib/web_console/middleware.rb:18:in `call'
  actionpack (5.0.1) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/show_exceptions.rb:31:in `call'
  railties (5.0.1) lib/rails/rack/logger.rb:36:in `call_app'
  railties (5.0.1) lib/rails/rack/logger.rb:24:in `block in call'
  activesupport (5.0.1) lib/active_support/tagged_logging.rb:69:in `block in tagged'
  activesupport (5.0.1) lib/active_support/tagged_logging.rb:26:in `tagged'
  activesupport (5.0.1) lib/active_support/tagged_logging.rb:69:in `tagged'
  railties (5.0.1) lib/rails/rack/logger.rb:24:in `call'
  sprockets-rails (3.2.0) lib/sprockets/rails/quiet_assets.rb:13:in `call'
  actionpack (5.0.1) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/request_id.rb:24:in `call'
  rack (2.0.1) lib/rack/method_override.rb:22:in `call'
  rack (2.0.1) lib/rack/runtime.rb:22:in `call'
  activesupport (5.0.1) lib/active_support/cache/strategy/local_cache_middleware.rb:28:in `call'
  actionpack (5.0.1) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/executor.rb:12:in `call'
  actionpack (5.0.1) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/static.rb:136:in `call'
  rack (2.0.1) lib/rack/sendfile.rb:111:in `call'
  railties (5.0.1) lib/rails/engine.rb:522:in `call'
  puma (3.6.2) lib/puma/configuration.rb:225:in `call'
  puma (3.6.2) lib/puma/server.rb:578:in `handle_request'
  puma (3.6.2) lib/puma/server.rb:415:in `process_client'
  puma (3.6.2) lib/puma/server.rb:275:in `block in run'
  puma (3.6.2) lib/puma/thread_pool.rb:116:in `block in spawn_thread'

Started POST "/__better_errors/4e4442c3f810d7b9/variables" for 127.0.0.1 at 2017-01-12 13:50:06 -0500

Answer 1

I had a similar problem today with ruby 2.3.3 and rails 4.2.4.

The problem was that bundle install of devise installed as a dependency another version of bcrypt ( bcrypt (3.1.11 x86-mingw32) instead of bcrypt (3.1.11) ) which was causing trouble with ruby 2.3 (it should work with all previous versions of ruby)

The solution I used is to install bcrypt outside of the gemfile, run bundle and then remove the second version of bcrypt :

$ gem list bcrypt
bcrypt (3.1.11 x86-mingw32)

$ gem uninstall devise && gem uninstall bcrypt
Successfully uninstalled devise-4.2.0
Successfully uninstalled bcrypt-3.1.11-x86-mingw32

$ gem install bcrypt --platform=Ruby
Temporarily enhancing PATH to include DevKit...
Building native extensions.  This could take a while...
Successfully installed bcrypt-3.1.11
Parsing documentation for bcrypt-3.1.11
Installing ri documentation for bcrypt-3.1.11
Done installing documentation for bcrypt after 1 seconds
1 gem installed

$ gem list bcrypt
bcrypt (3.1.11)

$ bundle install
...
Installing bcrypt 3.1.11 (x86-mingw32)
...
Installing devise 4.2.0
Bundle complete! 25 Gemfile dependencies, 75 gems now installed.

$ gem list bcrypt
bcrypt (3.1.11 ruby x86-mingw32)

$ gem uninstall bcrypt
Select gem to uninstall:
 1. bcrypt-3.1.11
 2. bcrypt-3.1.11-x86-mingw32
 3. All versions
> 2
Successfully uninstalled bcrypt-3.1.11-x86-mingw32

$ gem list bcrypt
bcrypt (3.1.11)

Hope that helps if you haven't solved your problem yet.

Answer 2

I also encountered the same problem, then I found some references and it's about version only.

When I changed bcrypt back to

bcrypt 3.1.0-x86-mingw32

from

bcrypt 3.1.11-x86-mingw32(the latest now)

Then make sure again in gemfile

gem 'bcrypt-ruby', '3.1.0', :require => 'bcrypt'

then it works fine.

Answer 3

I also face this same issue for ruby ' 2.3.3 ' and rails ' 5.2.0 ' but the only solution right now is to run:

gem uninstall bcrypt
gem install bcrypt --platform=ruby

temporary fix.

Answer 4

Maybe it's just the native binary is wrongly built or corrupted. Try below

1. Open a command console
2. cd to the gem directory C:\\RailsInstaller\\Ruby2.2.0\\lib\\ruby\\gems\\2.2.0\\gems\\bcrypt-3.1.10-x86-mingw32\\ext\\mri
3. Run ruby extconf.rb. It should create the Makefile
4. Run make. It will builde the extension libraries.
5. Run make install

See more at Fix issue "cannot load such file -- bcrypt_ext (LoadError)"

Answer 5

These steps to fix issue in MS Win 10 and 8

1. Uninstall all bcrypt

    gem uninstall bcrypt 

2. Go on lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/bcrypt-3.1.11-x86-mingw32/lib/ and copy bcrypt_ext.so file. and paste on desktop for now.

3. Uninstall all bcrypt again

    gem uninstall bcrypt 

4. Add in your project's gemfile

    gem 'bcrypt', '~> 3.1.7' 

5. Run commands

    bundle install bundle update 

6. Paste copied bcrypt_ext.so in folder lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/bcrypt-3.1.11-x86-mingw32/lib/ from desktop.

7. Restart server

    rails server 

It works on win 7 and 10!!!