如何在Pharo中获得* all *类？

Question

Conundrum... tried Smalltalk allClasses and TBehaviour in Kernel-Traits , among others, seems to be missing from the list. Interestingly enough it is a Trait not a Class ...? there seem to be corresponding allTraits and allBehaviors .

Any others we should know about when trying to get everything? Or is there some other method to get everything?

Answer 1

您需要执行：

Smalltalk allClassesAndTraits.

Answer 2

Note: I thought that reflection was described in some Pharo book but I don't see it in any, so can't direct you for further reading. 🤔

Classes are Objects

You can always use reflection on Pharo objects, which might give you a bit more insight into what you are actually looking for.

Any class is also an object, an any object understands message allSubclasses (or withAllSubclasses ) that will give you... the subclasses.

Object willAllSubclasses

Note that the above will give you also the "class-side" classes (which are metaclass instances for each class), because they are objects too; so

Smalltalk allClasses asSet =¹ (ProtoObject withAllSubclasses \ Class allSubclasses) asSet
"or"
Smalltalk allClasses asSet = (ProtoObject withAllSubclasses \ Metaclass allInstances) asSet

Traits are not Classes

Trait is a class, but TBehavior is not; instead it is an instance of Trait .

So you can say

Trait allSubclasses. "an OrderedCollection()"
Trait allInstances. "{... TBehavior. TClass. ...}"

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¹ SMarkCompilerTargetClass is some special snowflake.