获取postgres以显示UTC中的所有TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE列

Question

When I do a SELECT statement that outputs a TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE column, it doesn't include the time zone in the output. It just outputs the date and time without the timezone, after converting it to my local timezone.

I have 2 questions:

• How to get all TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE columns to always display their time zones in the output, rather than the default of omitting it?
• How to get all TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE columns to output with a default time zone of UTC ? I know there's ways to do this on a per-query basis, but I'd like to do it in every case with needing to modify any queries. So a server setting maybe?

Answer 1

for one column:

 SELECT colname AT TIME ZONE 'UTC' FROM tablename;

for all

 SET TIMEZONE TO 'UTC';

see also ALTER ... SET ...