如何从 Python 中的路径获取不带扩展名的文件名？

Question

How do I get the filename without the extension from a path in Python?

"/path/to/some/file.txt"  →  "file"

Answer 1

Getting the name of the file without the extension:

import os
print(os.path.splitext("/path/to/some/file.txt")[0])

Prints:

/path/to/some/file

Documentation for os.path.splitext .

Important Note: If the filename has multiple dots, only the extension after the last one is removed. For example:

import os
print(os.path.splitext("/path/to/some/file.txt.zip.asc")[0])

Prints:

/path/to/some/file.txt.zip

See other answers below if you need to handle that case.

Answer 2

Use .stem from pathlib in Python 3.4+

from pathlib import Path

Path('/root/dir/sub/file.ext').stem

will return

'file'

Note that if your file has multiple extensions .stem will only remove the last extension. For example, Path('file.tar.gz').stem will return 'file.tar' .

Answer 3

You can make your own with:

>>> import os
>>> base=os.path.basename('/root/dir/sub/file.ext')
>>> base
'file.ext'
>>> os.path.splitext(base)
('file', '.ext')
>>> os.path.splitext(base)[0]
'file'

Important note: If there is more than one . in the filename, only the last one is removed. For example:

/root/dir/sub/file.ext.zip -> file.ext

/root/dir/sub/file.ext.tar.gz -> file.ext.tar

See below for other answers that address that.

Answer 4

>>> print(os.path.splitext(os.path.basename("/path/to/file/hemanth.txt"))[0])
hemanth

Answer 5

In Python 3.4+ you can use the pathlib solution

from pathlib import Path

print(Path(your_path).resolve().stem)

Answer 6

https://docs.python.org/3/library/os.path.html

In python 3 pathlib "The pathlib module offers high-level path objects." so,

>>> from pathlib import Path

>>> p = Path("/a/b/c.txt")
>>> p.with_suffix('')
WindowsPath('/a/b/c')
>>> p.stem
'c'

Answer 7

os.path.splitext() won't work if there are multiple dots in the extension.

For example, images.tar.gz

>>> import os
>>> file_path = '/home/dc/images.tar.gz'
>>> file_name = os.path.basename(file_path)
>>> print os.path.splitext(file_name)[0]
images.tar

You can just find the index of the first dot in the basename and then slice the basename to get just the filename without extension.

>>> import os
>>> file_path = '/home/dc/images.tar.gz'
>>> file_name = os.path.basename(file_path)
>>> index_of_dot = file_name.index('.')
>>> file_name_without_extension = file_name[:index_of_dot]
>>> print file_name_without_extension
images

Answer 8

If you want to keep the path to the file and just remove the extension

>>> file = '/root/dir/sub.exten/file.data.1.2.dat'
>>> print ('.').join(file.split('.')[:-1])
/root/dir/sub.exten/file.data.1.2

Answer 9

As noted by @IceAdor in a comment to @user2902201's solution, rsplit is the simplest solution robust to multiple periods (by limiting the number of splits to maxsplit of just 1 (from the end of the string)).

Here it is spelt out:

file = 'my.report.txt'
print file.rsplit('.', maxsplit=1)[0]

my.report

Answer 10

Thought I would throw in a variation to the use of theos.path.splitext without the need to use array indexing.

The function always returns a (root, ext) pair so it is safe to use:

root, ext = os.path.splitext(path)

Example:

>>> import os
>>> path = 'my_text_file.txt'
>>> root, ext = os.path.splitext(path)
>>> root
'my_text_file'
>>> ext
'.txt'

Answer 11

But even when I import os, I am not able to call it path.basename. Is it possible to call it as directly as basename?

import os , and then use os.path.basename

import ing os doesn't mean you can use os.foo without referring to os .

Answer 12

import os
filename, file_extension =os.path.splitext(os.path.basename('/d1/d2/example.cs'))

• filename is 'example'

• file_extension is '.cs'

'

Answer 13

The other methods don't remove multiple extensions. Some also have problems with filenames that don't have extensions. This snippet deals with both instances and works in both Python 2 and 3. It grabs the basename from the path, splits the value on dots, and returns the first one which is the initial part of the filename.

import os

def get_filename_without_extension(file_path):
    file_basename = os.path.basename(file_path)
    filename_without_extension = file_basename.split('.')[0]
    return filename_without_extension

Here's a set of examples to run:

example_paths = [
    "FileName", 
    "./FileName",
    "../../FileName",
    "FileName.txt", 
    "./FileName.txt.zip.asc",
    "/path/to/some/FileName",
    "/path/to/some/FileName.txt",
    "/path/to/some/FileName.txt.zip.asc"
]

for example_path in example_paths:
    print(get_filename_without_extension(example_path))

In every case, the value printed is:

FileName

Answer 14

Answers using Pathlib for Several Scenarios

Using Pathlib, it is trivial to get the filename when there is just one extension (or none), but it can be awkward to handle the general case of multiple extensions.

Zero or One extension

from pathlib import Path

pth = Path('./thefile.tar')

fn = pth.stem

print(fn)      # thefile


# Explanation:
# the `stem` attribute returns only the base filename, stripping
# any leading path if present, and strips the extension after
# the last `.`, if present.


# Further tests

eg_paths = ['thefile',
            'thefile.tar',
            './thefile',
            './thefile.tar',
            '../../thefile.tar',
            '.././thefile.tar',
            'rel/pa.th/to/thefile',
            '/abs/path/to/thefile.tar']

for p in eg_paths:
    print(Path(p).stem)  # prints thefile every time

Two or fewer extensions

from pathlib import Path

pth = Path('./thefile.tar.gz')

fn = pth.with_suffix('').stem

print(fn)      # thefile


# Explanation:
# Using the `.with_suffix('')` trick returns a Path object after
# stripping one extension, and then we can simply use `.stem`.


# Further tests

eg_paths += ['./thefile.tar.gz',
             '/abs/pa.th/to/thefile.tar.gz']

for p in eg_paths:
    print(Path(p).with_suffix('').stem)  # prints thefile every time

Any number of extensions (0, 1, or more)

from pathlib import Path

pth = Path('./thefile.tar.gz.bz.7zip')

fn = pth.name
if len(pth.suffixes) > 0:
    s = pth.suffixes[0]
    fn = fn.rsplit(s)[0]

# or, equivalently

fn = pth.name
for s in pth.suffixes:
    fn = fn.rsplit(s)[0]
    break

# or simply run the full loop

fn = pth.name
for _ in pth.suffixes:
    fn = fn.rsplit('.')[0]

# In any case:

print(fn)     # thefile


# Explanation
#
# pth.name     -> 'thefile.tar.gz.bz.7zip'
# pth.suffixes -> ['.tar', '.gz', '.bz', '.7zip']
#
# If there may be more than two extensions, we can test for
# that case with an if statement, or simply attempt the loop
# and break after rsplitting on the first extension instance.
# Alternatively, we may even run the full loop and strip one 
# extension with every pass.


# Further tests

eg_paths += ['./thefile.tar.gz.bz.7zip',
             '/abs/pa.th/to/thefile.tar.gz.bz.7zip']

for p in eg_paths:
    pth = Path(p)
    fn = pth.name
    for s in pth.suffixes:
        fn = fn.rsplit(s)[0]
        break

    print(fn)  # prints thefile every time

Special case in which the first extension is known

For instance, if the extension could be .tar , .tar.gz , .tar.gz.bz , etc; you can simply rsplit the known extension and take the first element:

pth = Path('foo/bar/baz.baz/thefile.tar.gz')

fn = pth.name.rsplit('.tar')[0]

print(fn)      # thefile

Answer 15

A multiple extension aware procedure. Works for str and unicode paths. Works in Python 2 and 3.

import os

def file_base_name(file_name):
    if '.' in file_name:
        separator_index = file_name.index('.')
        base_name = file_name[:separator_index]
        return base_name
    else:
        return file_name

def path_base_name(path):
    file_name = os.path.basename(path)
    return file_base_name(file_name)

Behavior:

>>> path_base_name('file')
'file'
>>> path_base_name(u'file')
u'file'
>>> path_base_name('file.txt')
'file'
>>> path_base_name(u'file.txt')
u'file'
>>> path_base_name('file.tar.gz')
'file'
>>> path_base_name('file.a.b.c.d.e.f.g')
'file'
>>> path_base_name('relative/path/file.ext')
'file'
>>> path_base_name('/absolute/path/file.ext')
'file'
>>> path_base_name('Relative\\Windows\\Path\\file.txt')
'file'
>>> path_base_name('C:\\Absolute\\Windows\\Path\\file.txt')
'file'
>>> path_base_name('/path with spaces/file.ext')
'file'
>>> path_base_name('C:\\Windows Path With Spaces\\file.txt')
'file'
>>> path_base_name('some/path/file name with spaces.tar.gz.zip.rar.7z')
'file name with spaces'

Answer 16

import os

filename = C:\\Users\\Public\\Videos\\Sample Videos\\wildlife.wmv

This returns the filename without the extension (C:\Users\Public\Videos\Sample Videos\wildlife)

temp = os.path.splitext(filename)[0]  

Now you can get just the filename from the temp with

os.path.basename(temp)   #this returns just the filename (wildlife)

Answer 17

Very very very simpely no other modules !!!

import os
p = r"C:\Users\bilal\Documents\face Recognition python\imgs\northon.jpg"

# Get the filename only from the initial file path.
filename = os.path.basename(p)

# Use splitext() to get filename and extension separately.
(file, ext) = os.path.splitext(filename)

# Print outcome.
print("Filename without extension =", file)
print("Extension =", ext)

Answer 18

import os
path = "a/b/c/abc.txt"
print os.path.splitext(os.path.basename(path))[0]

Answer 19

On Windows system I used drivername prefix as well, like:

>>> s = 'c:\\temp\\akarmi.txt'
>>> print(os.path.splitext(s)[0])
c:\temp\akarmi

So because I do not need drive letter or directory name, I use:

>>> print(os.path.splitext(os.path.basename(s))[0])
akarmi

Answer 20

Improving upon @spinup answer:

fn = pth.name
for s in pth.suffixes:
    fn = fn.rsplit(s)[0]
    break
    
print(fn)      # thefile 

This works for filenames without extension also

Answer 21

I've read the answers, and I notice that there are many good solutions. So, for those who are looking to get either (name or extension), here goes another solution, using the os module , both methods support files with multiple extensions.

import os

def get_file_name(path):
    if not os.path.isdir(path):
        return os.path.splitext(os.path.basename(path))[0].split(".")[0]


def get_file_extension(path):
    extensions = []
    copy_path = path
    while True:
        copy_path, result = os.path.splitext(copy_path)
        if result != '':
            extensions.append(result)
        else:
            break
    extensions.reverse()
    return "".join(extensions)

Note: this solution on windows does not support file names with the "\" character

Answer 22

We could do some simple split / pop magic as seen here ( https://stackoverflow.com/a/424006/1250044 ), to extract the filename (respecting the windows and POSIX differences).

def getFileNameWithoutExtension(path):
  return path.split('\\').pop().split('/').pop().rsplit('.', 1)[0]

getFileNameWithoutExtension('/path/to/file-0.0.1.ext')
# => file-0.0.1

getFileNameWithoutExtension('\\path\\to\\file-0.0.1.ext')
# => file-0.0.1

Answer 23

For convenience, a simple function wrapping the two methods from os.path :

def filename(path):
  """Return file name without extension from path.

  See https://docs.python.org/3/library/os.path.html
  """
  import os.path
  b = os.path.split(path)[1]  # path, *filename*
  f = os.path.splitext(b)[0]  # *file*, ext
  #print(path, b, f)
  return f

Tested with Python 3.5.

Answer 24

import os
list = []
def getFileName( path ):
for file in os.listdir(path):
    #print file
    try:
        base=os.path.basename(file)
        splitbase=os.path.splitext(base)
        ext = os.path.splitext(base)[1]
        if(ext):
            list.append(base)
        else:
            newpath = path+"/"+file
            #print path
            getFileName(newpath)
    except:
        pass
return list

getFileName("/home/weexcel-java3/Desktop/backup")
print list

Answer 25

the easiest way to resolve this is to

import ntpath 
print('Base name is ',ntpath.basename('/path/to/the/file/'))

this saves you time and computation cost.

Answer 26

I didn't look very hard but I didn't see anyone who used regex for this problem.

I interpreted the question as "given a path, return the basename without the extension."

eg

"path/to/file.json" => "file"

"path/to/my.file.json" => "my.file"

In Python 2.7, where we still live without pathlib ...

def get_file_name_prefix(file_path):
    basename = os.path.basename(file_path)

    file_name_prefix_match = re.compile(r"^(?P<file_name_pre fix>.*)\..*$").match(basename)

    if file_name_prefix_match is None:
        return file_name
    else:
        return file_name_prefix_match.group("file_name_prefix")

get_file_name_prefix("path/to/file.json")
>> file

get_file_name_prefix("path/to/my.file.json")
>> my.file

get_file_name_prefix("path/to/no_extension")
>> no_extension

Answer 27

What about the following?

import pathlib
filename = '/path/to/dir/stem.ext.tar.gz'
pathlib.Path(filename).name[:-len(''.join(pathlib.Path(filename).suffixes))]
# -> 'stem'

or this equivalent?

pathlib.Path(filename).name[:-sum(map(len, pathlib.Path(filename).suffixes))]

Answer 28

Using pathlib.Path.stem is the right way to go, but here is an ugly solution that is way more efficient than the pathlib based approach.

You have a filepath whose fields are separated by a forward slash / , slashes cannot be present in filenames, so you split the filepath by / , the last field is the filename.

The extension is always the last element of the list created by splitting the filename by dot . , so if you reverse the filename and split by dot once, the reverse of the second element is the file name without extension.

name = path.split('/')[-1][::-1].split('.', 1)[1][::-1]

Performance:

Python 3.9.10 (tags/v3.9.10:f2f3f53, Jan 17 2022, 15:14:21) [MSC v.1929 64 bit (AMD64)]
Type 'copyright', 'credits' or 'license' for more information
IPython 7.28.0 -- An enhanced Interactive Python. Type '?' for help.

In [1]: from pathlib import Path

In [2]: file = 'D:/ffmpeg/ffmpeg.exe'

In [3]: Path(file).stem
Out[3]: 'ffmpeg'

In [4]: file.split('/')[-1][::-1].split('.', 1)[1][::-1]
Out[4]: 'ffmpeg'

In [5]: %timeit Path(file).stem
6.15 µs ± 433 ns per loop (mean ± std. dev. of 7 runs, 100000 loops each)

In [6]: %timeit file.split('/')[-1][::-1].split('.', 1)[1][::-1]
671 ns ± 37.8 ns per loop (mean ± std. dev. of 7 runs, 1000000 loops each)

In [7]:

Answer 29

>>>print(os.path.splitext(os.path.basename("/path/to/file/varun.txt"))[0]) varun

Here /path/to/file/varun.txt is the path to file and the output is varun

Answer 30

# use pathlib. the below works with compound filetypes and normal ones
source_file = 'spaces.tar.gz.zip.rar.7z'
source_path = pathlib.Path(source_file)
source_path.name.replace(''.join(source_path.suffixes), '')
>>> 'spaces'

despite the many working implementations described above I added this ^ as it uses pathlib only and works for compound filetypes and normal ones

Answer 31

For maximum esoterica, and for a fun oneliner, and to learn a little about itertools:

def strip_suffix(filename):
    """
    >>> video.mp4
    video

    >>> video.extra.mp4
    video.extra
    """
    return ''.join((name_dot[0] + name_dot[1] for name_dot in itertools.zip_longest(filename.split('.')[0:-1], '.', fillvalue='.')))[0:-1]

Note: this is just for fun. Do not use this. Use os.path.splitext instead

Answer 32

I think the easiest way is to use.split("/")

input= "PATH/TO/FILE/file.txt" file_only = input.split("/")[-1] print(file_only)

>>> file.txt

You can also do this to extract the last folder:

input= "PATH/TO/FOLDER" folder_only = input.split("/")[-1] print(folder_only)

>>> FOLDER

If you want the penultimate folder, simply change [-1] to [-2].