使用 pip3 安装 mysqlclient 时遇到问题

Question

I'm trying to set up a python 3.6 environment with Django. The installation instructions say I should install mysqlclient to be able to connect to mySQL. I get this:

dennis@django:~$ sudo -H pip3 install mysqlclient
Collecting mysqlclient
  Using cached mysqlclient-1.3.10.tar.gz
    Complete output from command python setup.py egg_info:
    /bin/sh: 1: mysql_config: not found
    Traceback (most recent call last):
      File "<string>", line 1, in <module>
      File "/tmp/pip-build-4jiw3hvk/mysqlclient/setup.py", line 17, in <module>
        metadata, options = get_config()
      File "/tmp/pip-build-4jiw3hvk/mysqlclient/setup_posix.py", line 44, in get_config
        libs = mysql_config("libs_r")
      File "/tmp/pip-build-4jiw3hvk/mysqlclient/setup_posix.py", line 26, in mysql_config
        raise EnvironmentError("%s not found" % (mysql_config.path,))
    OSError: mysql_config not found

    ----------------------------------------
Command "python setup.py egg_info" failed with error code 1 in /tmp/pip-build-4jiw3hvk/mysqlclient/
You are using pip version 8.1.1, however version 9.0.1 is available.
You should consider upgrading via the 'pip install --upgrade pip' command.

mySQL is properly installed. What should be in the mysql_config file? When I try to upgrade pip3 I get this:

dennis@django:~$ sudo -H pip3 install --upgrade pip3
Collecting pip3
  Could not find a version that satisfies the requirement pip3 (from versions: )
No matching distribution found for pip3
You are using pip version 8.1.1, however version 9.0.1 is available.
You should consider upgrading via the 'pip install --upgrade pip' command.

After installing mysqlclient with pip3, I noticed that the module was installed in the python3.5 directory instead of in the python3.6 directory so when I tried to import the MySQLdb module running python3.6, it was not found

dennis@django:~/python_db$ python
Python 3.6.0+ (default, Feb  4 2017, 11:11:46) 
[GCC 5.4.1 20161202] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import MySQLdb
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'MySQLdb'
Error in sys.excepthook:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/apport_python_hook.py", line 63, in apport_excepthook
    from apport.fileutils import likely_packaged, get_recent_crashes
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/apport/__init__.py", line 5, in <module>
    from apport.report import Report
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/apport/report.py", line 30, in <module>
    import apport.fileutils
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/apport/fileutils.py", line 23, in <module>
    from apport.packaging_impl import impl as packaging
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/apport/packaging_impl.py", line 23, in <module>
    import apt
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/apt/__init__.py", line 23, in <module>
    import apt_pkg
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'apt_pkg'

Original exception was:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'MySQLdb'
>>> 

I then reran using python 3.5 and it was found. How do I install modules using pip3 into the 3.6 directory?

Answer 1

If you're using Mac OS, try this:

brew install mysql

If you're using Ubuntu14/16, try this:

sudo apt install libmysqlclient-dev

and one more:

pip3 can be updated with sudo pip3 install -U pip

Answer 2

LDFLAGS=-L/usr/local/opt/openssl/lib pip install mysqlclient

Answer 3

In Debian Stretch the required package name seems to have changed to default-libmysqlclient-dev

https://packages.debian.org/stretch/default-libmysqlclient-dev

Answer 4

如果您在OSX上运行MAMP，请执行以下操作：

export PATH=$PATH:/Applications/MAMP/Library/bin

Answer 5

您可以尝试将mysql安装到特定的python目录，例如w / python 3.6

sudo python3.6 /usr/bin/pip3 install mysqlclient

Answer 6

In my case the issue was solved by doing the following:

sudo aptitude install libmysqlclient-dev

As I was using Python 3.x, the following was also necessary:

sudo aptitude install python3-dev

Answer 7

Looking over this old question (while looking for something else), I observe that the problem could be that the directory containing mysql_config was not in the current $PATH. Apparently that's what the install script uses to try to find it. It's possible for "mysql to be installed," but not on the $PATH – or for the $PATH to refer to the wrong version.