如何使用QPainter在QMainWindow中的一组小部件上的特定小部件上绘制？

Question

This is my code:

#include "mainwindow.h"
#include <QDebug>

#include <QCameraInfo>
#include <QHBoxLayout>
#include <fstream>
#include <assert.h>

MainWindow::MainWindow(QWidget *parent)
    : QMainWindow(parent)
{
    m_QPushButton_calibration = new QPushButton("Calibrate", this);
    connect(m_QPushButton_calibration, SIGNAL (released()),this, SLOT (handleButton()));

    QList<QCameraInfo> l_QListQCameraInfo_available_cameras = QCameraInfo::availableCameras();

    m_QWidget_viewfinder_holder    = new QWidget;
    m_QWidget_viewfinder_holder->setStyleSheet ("background-color: black");

    m_QCameraViewfinder_viewfinder = new QCameraViewfinder(m_QWidget_viewfinder_holder);

    if (l_QListQCameraInfo_available_cameras.length() >= 2)
    {
        m_QCamera_required_camera = new QCamera (l_QListQCameraInfo_available_cameras[1]);

        m_QCamera_required_camera->setViewfinder(m_QCameraViewfinder_viewfinder);
        m_QCamera_required_camera->start ();
    }

    m_QWidget_central     = new QWidget;
    m_QGridLayout_central = new QGridLayout;

    m_QWidget_central->setLayout (m_QGridLayout_central);

    m_QGridLayout_central->addWidget (m_QPushButton_calibration, 0, 0, 1, 1);
    m_QGridLayout_central->addWidget (m_QWidget_viewfinder_holder, 1, 0, 1, 1);

    this->setCentralWidget (m_QWidget_central);

    m_QCameraViewfinder_viewfinder->show();
}

void MainWindow::paintEvent(QPaintEvent *)
{
    QPainter painter(this);
    painter.setPen(Qt::white);
    painter.setFont(QFont("Arial", 30));
    painter.drawText(rect(), Qt::AlignCenter, "Qt");
}

MainWindow::~MainWindow()
{
    delete m_QPushButton_calibration;
    delete m_QCameraViewfinder_viewfinder;
    delete m_QCamera_required_camera;
    delete m_QGridLayout_central;
    delete m_QWidget_central;
}

void MainWindow::handleButton()
{
    qDebug() << "handleButton";
}

I actually wish to draw a line on m_QWidget_viewfinder_holder widget.

1. How will that QPaintEvent function know where do I want it to draw line?

2. Can I use QPaintEvent as a member function in a class inherited from QMainWindow ?

Answer 1

How to draw with QPainter on a specific widget from a group of widgets in QMainWindow?

You cannot draw on a widget from another widget. Each widget is responsible for drawing its own surface in the paintEvent() function.

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How will that QPaintEvent function know where do I want it to draw line?

First, note that QPaintEvent is a class, not a function.

Now you probably want to talk about the paintEvent() function. The function "knows" where to draw because it is part of a widget and the widget has a geometry.

For instance if I want to create a Rectangle widget that draws a rectangle with a 5px margin, I would write something like:

void Rectangle::paintEvent(QPaintEvent * e)
{
    QRect rectangle(5, 5, width() - 5, height() - 5);

    QPainter painter(this);
    painter.drawRect(rectangle);
}

---

Can I use QPaintEvent as a member function in a class inherited from QMainWindow?

You can reimplement the paintEvent() member function in any class that inherits QWidget . If you inherits from a class that already draws something you need to call your parent class function.

void MainWindow::paintEvent(QPaintEvent *event)
{
    QMainWindow::paintEvent(event); // Let QMainWindow draw itself
    QPainter painter(this);
    painter.setPen(Qt::white);
    painter.setFont(QFont("Arial", 30));
    painter.drawText(rect(), Qt::AlignCenter, "Qt");
}

However, please note that you are not likely willing to reimplement the painteEvent() of a MainWindow. What you generally want to do is to add a child widget to the MainWindow.

---

I actually wish to draw a line on m_QWidget_viewfinder_holder widget.

Create a ViewFinderHolder class like so:

class ViewFinderHolder: public QWidget {
    Q_OBJECT
    public:
        explicit ViewFinder(QWidget *parent = 0)
    ...
}

Reimplement the paintEvent() function:


class ViewFinderHolder: public QWidget {
    Q_OBJECT
    public:
        explicit ViewFinderHolder(QWidget *parent = 0)
    ...
    protected:
        void paintEvent(QPaintEvent *e);
}

void ViewFinderHolder::paintEvent(QPaintEvent *event)
{
    QLineF line(10.0, 80.0, 90.0, 20.0);

    QPainter(this);
    painter.drawLine(line);
}

Finally in the MainWindow constructor replace:

m_QWidget_viewfinder_holder    = new QWidget;

by:

m_QWidget_viewfinder_holder    = new ViewFinder();

However, as m_QCameraViewfinder_viewfinder is a child of m_QWidget_viewfinder_holder , it will be drawn over it and may hide the drawing you did in ViewFinderHolder::paintEvent() .

---

On a side note, you can remove the delete statements in the destructor of MainWindow. Deleting an instance of MainWidow will delete its child widgets.