尝试运行pip时出错

Question

My system is centos (linux). I have two Python versions, one is 2.7, the other is 3.6. I executed:

$ wget"https://pypi.python.org/packages/source/p/pip/pip-1.5.4.tar.gz#md5=834b2904f92d46aaa333267fb1c922bb"# tar -xzvf pip-1.5.4.tar.gz
$ cd pip-1.5.4
$ python setup.py install

But, when I tried to use pip , I got an error:

  File "/root/anaconda3/bin/pip", line 11, in <module>
    load_entry_point('pip==1.5.4', 'console_scripts', 'pip')()
  File "/root/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/setuptools-27.2.0-py3.6.egg/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 565, in load_entry_point
  File "/root/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/setuptools-27.2.0-py3.6.egg/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 2598, in load_entry_point
  File "/root/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/setuptools-27.2.0-py3.6.egg/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 2258, in load
  File "/root/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/setuptools-27.2.0-py3.6.egg/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 2264, in resolve
  File "/root/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip-1.5.4-py3.6.egg/pip/__init__.py", line 9, in <module>
    from pip.log import logger
  File "/root/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip-1.5.4-py3.6.egg/pip/log.py", line 9, in <module>
    from pip._vendor import colorama, pkg_resources
  File "/root/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip-1.5.4-py3.6.egg/pip/_vendor/pkg_resources.py", line 1423, in <module>
    register_loader_type(importlib_bootstrap.SourceFileLoader, DefaultProvider)
AttributeError: module 'importlib._bootstrap' has no attribute 'SourceFileLoader'

What can I do?

Answer 1

Use a virtualenv for specifying the version of python.

Virtualenvs help in solving library conflicts and it is good practice to use a different virtualEnv for every project.

Install virtualenv and virtualenvwrapper

pip install virtualenv
pip install virtualenvwrapper

Add to .zshrc or .bashrc:

export WORKON_HOME=$HOME/.virtualenvs
export PROJECT_HOME=$HOME/code
source /usr/local/bin/virtualenvwrapper.sh

Specify which Python to use with mkvirtualenv: virtualenvwrapper lets you specify the python executable without the path:

mkvirtualenv -python=python3 myVirtualEnv

Run: workon A list of environments, empty, is printed. Run mkvirtualenv to create a new virtualenv: mkvirtualenv temp A new environment, temp is created and activated. Run: workon This time, the temp environment is included. workon temp to work on the new virtualenv use pip to install packages inside the virtualenv After you're done using the virtualenv, simply deactivate out of it

(if you want to delete the virtualenv, use rmvirtualenv ) Use lssitepackages to list site-packages within the virtualenv.