find 和 grep 有什么区别？

Question

What is the difference between these command:

find . –type f –name '*txt*' 

and

find . –type f | grep 'txt'

I tried to run this and there is a difference but I want to know why?

Answer 1

The Major difference is FIND is for searching files and directories using filters while GREP is for searching a pattern inside a file or searching process(es)

FIND is an command for searching file(s) and folder(s) using filters such as size , access time , modification time.
The find command lists all of the files within a directory and its sub-directories that match a set of filters.
This command is most commonly used to find all of the files that have a certain name.

To find all of the files named theFile.txt in your current directory and all of its sub-directories, enter:

find . -name theFile.txt -print

To look in your current directory and its sub-directories for all of the files that end in the extension .txt , enter:

find . -name "*.txt" -print

GREP :(Globally search a Regular Expression and Print)

Searches files for a specified string or expression.

Grep searches for lines containing a specified pattern and, by default, writes them to the standard output.

grep myText theFile.txt

Result : Grep will print out each line contain the word myText .

Answer 2

In your first example, you are using the find utility to list the filenames of regular files where the filename includes the string txt .

In your second example, you are using the find utility to list the filenames of regular files and feeding the resultant filenames via a pipe to the grep utility which searches the contents of each file for the string txt . Each time the string is found, the corresponding line of the file is outputted.

Answer 3

When you have a path with txt in the directory name, the second command will find a match. When you do not want to match paths like txtfiles/allfiles.tgz and transactions/txtelevisions/bigscreen.jpg you will want to use the first.

Answer 4

The difference between the two is that in the first case, find is looking for files whose name (just name) matches the pattern.

In the second case, find is looking for all files of type 'f' and outputting their relative paths as strings. That result gets piped to grep, which filters the input strings to those matching the pattern. The pattern 'txt' will filter the filepath results for the pattern. Importantly, the second case will include filepaths that match anywhere in the path, not just in the filename. The first case will not do that.

Answer 5

The first command will display files having txt in their name. Whereas the second command will highlight the lines of all the files having txt in their content.