无法在C ++程序中获取Linux'dd'命令的输出

Question

I'm trying to use the sudo dd if=/dev/sda ibs=1 count=64 skip=446 command to get the partition table information from the master boot record in order to parse it I'm basically trying to read the output to a string in order to parse it, but all I'm getting is the following: ! . What I'm expecting is:

80 01 01 00 83 FE 3F 01 3F 00 00 00 43 7D 00 00 00 00 01 02 83 FE 3F 0D 82 7D 00 00 0C F1 02 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00

My current code looks like this, and is just taken from here: How to execute a command and get output of command within C++ using POSIX?

#include <iostream>
#include <stdexcept>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string>

using namespace std;

string exec(const char* cmd) {
    char buffer[128];
    string result = "";
    FILE* pipe = popen(cmd, "r");
    if (!pipe) throw std::runtime_error("popen() failed!");
    try {
        while (!feof(pipe)) {
            if (fgets(buffer, 128, pipe) != NULL)
                result += buffer;
        }
    } catch (...) {
        pclose(pipe);
        throw;
    }
    pclose(pipe);
    return result;
}

int main() {

    string s = exec("sudo dd if=/dev/sda ibs=1 count=64 skip=446");
    cout << s;

}

Obviously I'm doing something wrong, but I can't figure out the problem. How do I get the proper output into my string?

Answer 1

while (!feof(pipe)) {

This is your first bug .

result += buffer;

This is your second bug. buffer is a char array, which decays to a char * in this context. As you know, a char * in a string context gets typically interpreted as a C-style string that's terminated by a ' \\0 ' byte.

You might've noticed that you expect to get a bunch of 00 bytes read. Well, after the char array gets decayed to a char * , everything up to the first 00 byte is going to get appended to your result , rather than the 128 bytes, exactly. And if there were no 00 bytes in those 128 bytes, you'll probably end up getting some random garbage, as an extra bonus, with a small possibility of a crash.

if (fgets(buffer, 128, pipe) != NULL)

This is your third bug. If the read data happens to include a 0A byte, an '\\n' character, this is not going to read 128 bytes.

cout << s;

This is your fourth bug. Since the data will (after all the other bugs are fixed) presumably contain binary stuff, your terminal is inlikely to have much success displaying various bytes, especially bytes 00 through 1F .

To fix your code you will need to:

1. Correctly handle the end-of-file condition.

2. Correctly read binary data. fgets() , et al, are completely unsuitable for the task. If you insist on using C file structures, your only reasonable option is to use fread() .

3. Correctly assemble a std::string from a blob of binary data. Merely appending a char buffer to it, crossing your fingers, and hoping for the best, will not work. You will most likely need to use the two-argument std::string constructor, that takes a beginning and an ending iterator value as parameters.

4. Display binary data correctly, instead of just dumping the entire blob to std::cout , just like that. The most common approach is a std::hex manipulator, and diligent up-conversion of each char to an int , as an unsigned value .