在 Spring 中以编程方式启用和禁用某些 @RabbitListener 吗？

Question

I have a class A that publishes event E1. E1 is consumed by class B in the same application that is annotated with @RabbitListener . B does some things and then publishes event E2 that is consumed by C etc etc (forming a process chain).

What I want to do is two things:

1. I want to test A in an integration test but while doing so I'd like to disable the RabbitListener's so that the entire process that is the result of E1 being published is not executed. I only want to assert that A does what it's supposed to and publishes E1. I have managed to accommodate this by setting spring.rabbitmq.listener.auto-startup=false .
2. I also want to test B in an integration test by publishing E1 to RabbitMQ so that I can be confident that I've configured B's RabbitListerner correctly. But again I don't want C to be called as a side-effect of E2 being published.

I know I can probably do this using mocks but preferably I'd like to test the real deal and using the actual components (including sending the message to an actual RabbitMQ instance that in my case is running in Docker).

Can I achieve this in a nice way in Spring Boot? Or is it perhaps recommended to use @RabbitListenerTest and indeed use mocks?

Answer 1

The @RabbitListener has id property:

/**
 * The unique identifier of the container managing for this endpoint.
 * <p>If none is specified an auto-generated one is provided.
 * @return the {@code id} for the container managing for this endpoint.
 * @see org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.listener.RabbitListenerEndpointRegistry#getListenerContainer(String)
 */
String id() default "";

And that RabbitListenerEndpointRegistry#getListenerContainer(String) returns MessageListenerContainer and there you already can control start()/stop() of individual @RabbitListener handler.

Answer 2

A follow-up idea to the accepted answer is to have some sort of abstract BaseAmqpIntegrationTest which does the following:

public abstract class BaseAmqpIntegrationTest {

    @Autowired
    protected RabbitListenerEndpointRegistry rabbitListenerEndpointRegistry;

    @BeforeEach
    protected void setUpBeforeEach() {
        rabbitListenerEndpointRegistry.getListenerContainers()
                                      .forEach(Lifecycle::stop);

        getRequiredListenersToStart().forEach(listener -> rabbitListenerEndpointRegistry.getListenerContainer(listener)
                                                                                        .start());
    }

    protected abstract List<String> getRequiredListenersToStart();

}

This makes it reusable and ensures that all @RabbitListener s are disabled "by default" and requires each test to explicitly enable the listener(s) that it tests. The test sub classes can then simply override getRequiredListenersToStart() to provide the IDs of the @RabbitListener s which they require.

PS: Cleaning it up would of course also work:

public abstract class BaseAmqpIntegrationTest {

    @AfterEach
    protected void cleanUpAfterEach() {
        rabbitListenerEndpointRegistry.getListenerContainers()
                                      .forEach(Lifecycle::stop);
    }

}

Or a bit more fine-grained:

public abstract class BaseAmqpIntegrationTest {

    @AfterEach
    protected void cleanUpAfterEach() {
        getRequiredListenersToStart().forEach(listener -> rabbitListenerEndpointRegistry.getListenerContainer(listener)
                                                                                        .stop());
    }

}