[英]if constexpr(condition) as compile-time conditional
I want to use a constexpr bool ( useF
in the example below) to enable a feature in the following code.我想使用 constexpr bool(下面示例中的
useF
)来启用以下代码中的功能。 Here, calling A::f()
.在这里,调用
A::f()
。 Additionally, I want to be the alias-template ( a
) to be void
in the case I switch off the feature.此外,我想在我关闭该功能的情况下成为
void
的别名模板( a
)。
I tried to use a constexpr if statement, but the body is still being instantiated, which causes a compile error.我尝试使用 constexpr if 语句,但主体仍在被实例化,这会导致编译错误。 If I use a wrapper template (
X
), the body is being discarded as I'd expected, but that seems ugly to me.如果我使用包装器模板 (
X
),则正文将按我的预期被丢弃,但这对我来说似乎很难看。 Are there any other ways to do this?有没有其他方法可以做到这一点?
constexpr bool useF = false;
struct A {
static void f() {}
};
using a = std::conditional<useF, A, void>::type;
template<typename L>
struct X {
static void h() {
if constexpr(std::is_same<L, A>::value) {
L::f(); // not instantiated, no error
}
}
};
int main() {
if constexpr(useF) {
a::f(); // error!?
}
X<a>::h();
}
I am using g++-7.0.1 with -std=c++17我使用 g++-7.0.1 和 -std=c++17
if constexpr
is only for templates. if constexpr
仅用于模板。 From [stmt.if]:来自 [stmt.if]:
If the
if
statement is of the formif constexpr
, the value of the condition shall be a contextually converted constant expression of typebool
(5.20);如果
if
语句的形式为if constexpr
,则条件的值应为bool
(5.20) 类型的上下文转换常量表达式; this form is called a constexpr if statement.这种形式称为constexpr if语句。 If the value of the converted condition is
false
, the first substatement is a discarded statement , otherwise the second substatement, if present, is a discarded statement.如果转换条件的值为
false
,则第一个子语句是丢弃的语句,否则第二个子语句(如果存在)是丢弃的语句。 During the instantation of an enclosing templated entity (Clause 14) , if the condition is not value-dependent after its instantiation, the discarded substatement (if any) is not instantiated.在封闭模板化实体的实例化期间(第 14 条) ,如果条件在实例化后不依赖于值,则不会实例化丢弃的子语句(如果有)。
Within X
, the constexpr if statement will prevent the otherwise ill-formed statement from being instantiated.在
X
, constexpr if 语句将阻止其他格式错误的语句被实例化。 That is the goal of this language feature.这就是此语言功能的目标。 But outside of templates, there's no such equivalent gain.
但是在模板之外,没有这样的等效增益。
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