django模块是全局的-ImportError：没有名为django.core.management的模块吗？

Question

I am quite confused with how django works. I followed some guides and tested a sample app and got it running on my local dev machine. It works great. But when I moved this sample app to my production server, I got this error:

# cd /var/www/html/helloapp
# python manage.py runserver
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "manage.py", line 8, in <module>
    from django.core.management import execute_from_command_line
ImportError: No module named django.core.management

So, during my setup for the sample app, I did this:

$ sudo apt-get install python-django

Then:

$ django-admin startproject helloapp

Then:

$ cd /var/www/html/django-project/helloapp/

Then:

$ python manage.py runserver

Result:

It worked! Congratulations on your first Django-powered page.

So, I transferred the files helloapp/ into my production server:

# cd /var/www/html/helloapp
# python manage.py runserver

Then there is the error:

No module named django.core.management

Do I have to install python-django in my production server - "globally" as one of my system software in my production server?

What is django.core.management for actually? There might be many this kind of modules I need to run my app. So are these modules coming from django's "global" then?

If my system broke or I removed python-django one day, all my django apps will break too?

EDIT:

I got it running with a virtual env instead, but it seems to have problems with gunicorn :

$ gunicorn helloapp.wsgi
[2017-05-18 22:33:37 +0000] [882] [INFO] Starting gunicorn 19.6.0
[2017-05-18 22:33:37 +0000] [882] [INFO] Listening at: http://127.0.0.1:8000 (882)
[2017-05-18 22:33:37 +0000] [882] [INFO] Using worker: sync
[2017-05-18 22:33:37 +0000] [886] [INFO] Booting worker with pid: 886
[2017-05-18 22:33:37 +0000] [886] [ERROR] Exception in worker process
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/gunicorn/arbiter.py", line 557, in spawn_worker
    worker.init_process()
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/gunicorn/workers/base.py", line 126, in init_process
    self.load_wsgi()
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/gunicorn/workers/base.py", line 136, in load_wsgi
    self.wsgi = self.app.wsgi()
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/gunicorn/app/base.py", line 67, in wsgi
    self.callable = self.load()
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/gunicorn/app/wsgiapp.py", line 65, in load
    return self.load_wsgiapp()
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/gunicorn/app/wsgiapp.py", line 52, in load_wsgiapp
    return util.import_app(self.app_uri)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/gunicorn/util.py", line 384, in import_app
    __import__(module)
  File "/var/www/html/django-project/helloapp/helloapp/wsgi.py", line 12, in <module>
    from django.core.wsgi import get_wsgi_application
ImportError: No module named django.core.wsgi
[2017-05-18 22:33:37 +0000] [886] [INFO] Worker exiting (pid: 886)
[2017-05-18 22:33:37 +0000] [882] [INFO] Shutting down: Master
[2017-05-18 22:33:37 +0000] [882] [INFO] Reason: Worker failed to boot.

Answer 1

Can you confirm you have Django installed?

sudo pip install django --upgrade 

---

To use virtualenv, first install it

pip install virtualenv

Create a new env (should not be inside the Django project)

virtualenv my_env

Inside this folder, you can activate the env

. bin/activate

Once the env is active, you install django

pip install django

Then go back to the django project and running

python manage.py runserver 

should work

More info here

Answer 2

Yes, you must have django installed on your production server. I personally use virtual environments for this matter, try

sudo apt-get install python-virtualenv
virtualenv env_name
source env_name/bin/activate

Once you have done that you should see the name of your environment written in front of your pwd. This will allow you to install python packages ONLY on that environment. But, of course, you're gonna have to use this in your production server as well...

Answer 3

Do I have to install python-django in my production server

Yes, django must be installed on your production server the same way you installed on your development server