[英]Redirecting Input/Output in Simple Shell C
I am attempting to redirect output in C shell that I have built. 我试图重定向已构建的C Shell中的输出。 We are required to use fork(), dup2(), and execvp().
我们需要使用fork(),dup2()和execvp()。 If I run the command "ls > test", the test file is created but it is blank.
如果运行命令“ ls> test”,则会创建测试文件,但该文件为空。 I am wondering if there is an issue with the order that I am calling the various required functions.
我想知道我调用各种所需功能的顺序是否有问题。 I am stripping out the ">" character and attempting to pass to the execvp(), but I am just getting a blank file.
我正在剥离“>”字符并尝试传递给execvp(),但是我只是得到一个空白文件。 I printed the array after the ">" was removed and it just contained "ls" and "test".
在删除“>”之后,我打印了该数组,它仅包含“ ls”和“ test”。 Is there an issue with the order or the way I am using these commands?
我使用这些命令的顺序或方式是否存在问题?
if(execArraySize > 2 && strcmp(execArray[1], ">") == 0){
outputRedir = 1;
outputIndex = 2;
//printf("%s\n", execArray[1]);
printf("Outputing to: %s\n", execArray[outputIndex]);
//continue;
}
//Check if we are redirecting the output in a 5 argument set
//No error handling required
else if(execArraySize > 4 && strcmp(execArray[3], ">") == 0){
outputRedir = 1;
outputIndex = 4;
// printf("%s\n", execArray[3]);
// printf("Outputing to: %s\n", execArray[outputIndex]);
}
//Check if we are redirecting the input in a 3 argument set
//No error handling required
if(execArraySize > 2 && strcmp(execArray[1], "<") == 0){
inputRedir = 1;
inputIndex = 2;
printf("%s\n", execArray[1]);
printf("Input From: %s\n", execArray[inputIndex]);
}
//Check if we are redirecting the input in a 5 argument set
//No error handling required
else if(execArraySize > 4 && strcmp(execArray[3], "<") == 0){
inputRedir = 1;
inputIndex = 4;
printf("%s\n", execArray[3]);
printf("Input From: %s\n", execArray[inputIndex]);
}
//If we are in the background and are not redirectin input
if(bg == 1 && inputRedir == 0){
fileDescriptor = open("/dev/null", O_RDONLY);
if (fileDescriptor == -1)
{
printf("Error reading in input in bg %s\n", execArray[inputIndex]);
exit(1);
}
dupInt = dup2(fileDescriptor,0);
if (dupInt == -1)
{
printf("Error reading in dup2() in bg %s\n", execArray[inputIndex]);
exit(1);
}
}
//If we are redirecting input
if(inputRedir == 1){
//Open the file
fileDescriptor = open(execArray[inputIndex], O_RDONLY);
//Check the file was opened properly
if (fileDescriptor == -1)
{
printf("cannot open %s for input\n", execArray[inputIndex]);
exit(1);
}
else
{
//Duplicate file descriptor
dupInt = dup2(fileDescriptor,0);
close(fileDescriptor);
if (dupInt == -1)
{
//Error Check and exit
printf("Error in dup2() function!\n");
exit(1);
}
else
{
printf("dup2() worked as expected\n");
}
}
}
//If we are redirecting output
if (outputRedir == 1)
{
//Open the file to write to it
fileDescriptor = open(execArray[outputIndex], O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|O_TRUNC, 0644);
//Check the file was opened/created properly
if (fileDescriptor == -1)
{
printf("Error in output to: %s\n", execArray[outputIndex]);
exit(1);
}
else
{
//Duplicate file descriptor
//dupInt = dup2(fileDescriptor,1);
//close(fileDescriptor);
for(i=outputIndex-1; i < execArraySize; i++){
execArray[i] = execArray[i+1];
}
for(i=0; i < execArraySize; i++){
printf("%s\n", execArray[i]);
}
dupInt = dup2(fileDescriptor,1);
close(fileDescriptor);
if (dupInt == -1)
{
//Error handle and exit
printf("Error in dup2() function\n");
exit(1);
}
else
{
//printf("dup2() worked as expected\n");
//printf("BEFORE EXEC\n");
//execvp(execArray[0],execArray);
//perror("execvp\n");
}
//exec(execArray[outputIndex - 2]);
}
}
execvp(execArray[0], execArray);
printf("%s", execArray[0]);
fflush(NULL);
perror("");
//free(execArray);
//free(input);
exit(1);
Aside from the issues raised by @Barmar, the reason why your code doesn't actually redirect output from ls
to test
is that you actually close the file descriptor right before your exec
. 除了@Barmar提出的问题外,您的代码实际上并未将
ls
输出重定向到test
是,您实际上在exec
之前关闭了文件描述符。
You should be doing your redirection and your exec
in the child process after a fork
. 在
fork
之后,您应该在子进程中exec
重定向和exec
。 Don't forget to close your output/input file descriptors and STDOUT & STDIN in your parent after the fork. 不要忘记在派生后关闭父级中的输出/输入文件描述符以及STDOUT和STDIN。
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