如何在Django中拥有3种类型的用户？

Question

I'm developing a Django powered website in which i have three types of users:

• Teachers: can add training stage offers,
• Students: can apply for a training stage offer,
• Companies: can also add training stage offers.

My main question is how to have three types of users in Django, so that I can have three types of login?

My current solution is that I have three models of each type of user (Model Student, model Teacher, model Company). I also have three types of different forms to allow companies, teachers or students to register. When a form is correctly compiled in my view I create manually(by coding), a user and I manually create a object for the relative model then save that object.

The main problem is that the user I create is not differentiated by there type:

class Azienda(models.Model):
nome=models.CharField(max_length=200)
sede=models.CharField(max_length=200)
pIva=models.CharField(max_length=30)
email = models.EmailField()
user = models.OneToOneField(User)
#company model, in models.py

#company form, in forms.py
class AziendaForm(forms.Form):
nome = forms.CharField(max_length=200)
sede = forms.CharField(max_length=200)
pIva = forms.CharField(max_length=30)
email = forms.EmailField()
user = forms.CharField(max_length=100)
password = forms.CharField(widget=forms.PasswordInput)

#view of company registration form
def registratiAziende(request):
if request.method=='POST':
    form=AziendaForm(request.POST)
    if form.is_valid():
        form['nome'].value()
        azienda=Azienda()
        azienda.nome=form['nome'].value()
        azienda.sede = form['sede'].value()
        azienda.pIva = form['pIva'].value()
        azienda.email=form['email'].value()
        #I create a user         user=User.objects.create_user(form['user'].value(),form['email'].value(),form['password'].value())
        azienda.user=user
        azienda.save()
        #I save the company object
    return redirect('myapp:index')
else:
    form= AziendaForm()

return render(request, 'myapp/registratiAziende.html', {'form':form})

Answer 1

These three type of user contain similar attribute but different role in your system.

Just add attribute role in your model so that you won't need to maintain three models。

Answer 2

Default User model can be extended by adding this model as a OneToOne field to the default user model. However for your case you have to create a different model as a custom user model by using OneToOneField then use this model in student and teacher and company.

CHOICES = (('student', 'student'), ('teacher', 'teacher'), ('company', 'company'))
class CustomUser(models.Model):
    user = models.OneToOneField(User)
    user_type = models.CharField(max_length=30, choices=CHOICES)

Then you can use this model in your Company, Student, Teacher model.

One advice would be not to use common fields for different models. Normalise your db to remove redundancy.