[英]How to include the namespaces into a xml file using lxml?
I am creating a new xml file from scratch using python and the lxml library.我正在使用 python 和 lxml 库从头开始创建一个新的 xml 文件。
<route xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns="http://www.xxxx" version="1.1"
xmlns:stm="http://xxxx/1/0/0"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xxxx/1/0/0 stm_extensions.xsd">
I need to include this namespace information into the root tag as attributes of the route tag.我需要将此命名空间信息作为路由标记的属性包含在根标记中。
I can´t include the information into the root declaration.我无法将信息包含在根声明中。
from lxml import etree
root = etree.Element("route",
xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance",
xmlns = "http://www.xxxxx",
version = "1.1",
xmlns: stm = "http://xxxxx/1/0/0"
)
there is a SyntaxError: invalid syntax有一个 SyntaxError: invalid syntax
How can I do that ?我怎样才能做到这一点 ?
Here is how it can be done:这是如何做到的:
from lxml import etree
attr_qname = etree.QName("http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance", "schemaLocation")
nsmap = {None: "http://www.xxxx",
"stm": "http://xxxx/1/0/0",
"xsi": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"}
root = etree.Element("route",
{attr_qname: "http://xxxx/1/0/0 stm_extensions.xsd"},
version="1.1",
nsmap=nsmap)
print etree.tostring(root)
Output from this code (line breaks have been added for readability):此代码的输出(已添加换行符以提高可读性):
<route xmlns:stm="http://xxxx/1/0/0"
xmlns="http://www.xxxx"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xxxx/1/0/0 stm_extensions.xsd"
version="1.1"/>
The main "trick" is to use QName
to create the xsi:schemaLocation
attribute.主要的“技巧”是使用
QName
创建xsi:schemaLocation
属性。 An attribute with a colon in its name cannot be used as the name of a keyword argument.名称中带有冒号的属性不能用作关键字参数的名称。
I've added the declaration of the xsi
prefix to nsmap
, but it can actually be omitted.我已经在
nsmap
添加了xsi
前缀的声明,但实际上可以省略它。 lxml defines default prefixes for some well-known namespace URIs, including xsi
for http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance
. lxml 为一些众所周知的命名空间 URI 定义了默认前缀,包括
http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance
xsi
。
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