如何将所有隐藏的文件夹/文件更改为在多个子目录中可见

Question

I have hundreds of sub directories in a directory that all have hidden files in them that I need to remove the period at the beginning of them to make them visible. I found a command to go into each directory and change them to make them visible but I need to know how to make this command work from one directory up.

rename 's/\.//;' .*

I have tried about an hour to modify this to work one level up but don't understand the Perl string enough to do it. If someone could help out I am sure it's simple and I just can't land on the right answer.

Answer 1

This requires a find that supports the + (can use \\; instead, which will call rename multiple times), but even POSIX find specifies it:

find -mindepth 1 -depth -exec rename -n 's{/\.([^\/]*$)}{/$1}' {} +

• The -depth option prevents directories from being renamed before all the files in them are renamed
• -mindepth 1 prevents find from trying to rename the current directory, . .
• -n is to just print what would be renamed instead of actually renaming (has to be removed to do the renaming).
• The regular expression removes the last period after which there are no forward slashes, if it is preceded by a forward slash.

rename doesn't overwrite existing files, unless the -f ("force") option is used.

For a test directory structure like this:

.
├── .dir1
│   ├── .dir2
│   │   ├── .dir3
│   │   │   └── .file2
│   │   └── .file1
│   ├── file3
│   └── .file6
├── dir5
│   └── .file5
├── .file4
├── test1.bar
└── test1.foo

the output is

rename(./dir5/.file5, ./dir5/file5)
rename(./.file4, ./file4)
rename(./.dir1/.file6, ./.dir1/file6)
rename(./.dir1/.dir2/.file1, ./.dir1/.dir2/file1)
rename(./.dir1/.dir2/.dir3/.file2, ./.dir1/.dir2/.dir3/file2)
rename(./.dir1/.dir2/.dir3, ./.dir1/.dir2/dir3)
rename(./.dir1/.dir2, ./.dir1/dir2)
rename(./.dir1, ./dir1)

and the result after removing -n is

.
├── dir1
│   ├── dir2
│   │   ├── dir3
│   │   │   └── file2
│   │   └── file1
│   ├── file3
│   └── file6
├── dir5
│   └── file5
├── file4
├── test1.bar
└── test1.foo

Answer 2

safely_unhide :

#!/usr/bin/perl
use strict;
use warnings;
use File::Basename qw( fileparse );
for (@ARGV) {
   my $o = $_;

   my ($fn, $dir_qfn) = fileparse($_);
   $fn =~ s/^\.//
      or next;

   my $n = "$dir_qfn/$fn";
   if (stat($n)) {
      warn("Skipping \"$o\": \"$n\" already exists\n");
      next;
   }
   elsif (!$!{ENOENT}) {
      warn("Skipping \"$o\": Can't stat \"$n\": $!\n");
      next;
   }

   rename($n, $o)
      or warn("Skipping \"$o\": Can't rename to \"$n\": $!\n");
}

Usage:

find -type f -exec safely_unhide {} +          # Supports all file names. Requires GNU find
find -type f | xargs safely_unhide             # Doesn't support newlines in file names.
find -type f -print0 | xargs -0 safely_unhide  # Supports all file names.

Drop -type f and add -depth if you want to rename hidden dirs too.