[英]SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED certificate verify failed
from lxml import html
import requests
url = "https://website.com/"
page = requests.get(url)
tree = html.fromstring(page.content)
page.content
-> SSLError: [SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed (_ssl.c:748) -> SSLError: [SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] 证书验证失败 (_ssl.c:748)
I run this script but I got this error.我运行此脚本,但出现此错误。 How can I do it?
我该怎么做?
Since your URL is "an internal corporate URL" (as stated in comments), I'm guessing it uses a self-signed certificate, or is issued by a self-signed CA certificate.由于您的 URL 是“内部公司 URL”(如评论中所述),我猜它使用自签名证书,或者由自签名 CA 证书颁发。
If that is in fact the case, you have two options:如果确实如此,您有两种选择:
(1) provide the path to your corporate CA (including the complete chain of intermediate certificates, if any) to requests.get()
call via verify
argument: (1) 通过
verify
参数提供到requests.get()
调用的公司 CA(包括完整的中间证书链,如果有)的路径:
requests.get('https://website.lo', verify='/path/to/certfile')
or (2) , disable client-side certificate verification altogether (but beware of all the security risks this entails, like a simple man-in-the-middle attacks, etc):或(2) ,完全禁用客户端证书验证(但要注意这带来的所有安全风险,例如简单的中间人攻击等):
requests.get('https://website.lo', verify=False)
Fore completeness, the relevant verify
parameter is described inrequests.request()
docs:为了完整起见,
requests.request()
文档中描述了相关的verify
参数:
verify -- (optional) Either a boolean, in which case it controls whether we verify the server's TLS certificate, or a string, in which case it must be a path to a CA bundle to use. Defaults to True.
Use below code without SSL 在不使用SSL的情况下使用以下代码
from lxml import html
import requests
url = "http://website.com/"
page = requests.get(url)
tree = html.fromstring(page.content)
page.content
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