g++ 无法构建 Hello World

Question

my problem that I simply can't compile Hello World programm with g++

    #include <iostream>

    using namespace std;

    int main(void) {

        cout << "Hello World!" << endl;
        return 0;
    }

Compiler gave me message:

evgeny@debian:~/Documents/Programming$ g++ test.cpp -o test
In file included from /usr/include/c++/4.9/clocale:42:0,
                 from /usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu/c++/4.9/32/bits/c++locale.h:41,
                 from /usr/include/c++/4.9/bits/localefwd.h:40,
                 from /usr/include/c++/4.9/ios:41,
                 from /usr/include/c++/4.9/ostream:38,
                 from /usr/include/c++/4.9/iostream:39,
                 from test.cpp:1:
/usr/include/locale.h:29:25: fatal error: bits/locale.h: No such file or directory
 #include <bits/locale.h>
                         ^
compilation terminated.

I've installed libstdc++-developer, tried to use -I/way-to-the-missing-lib, different architecture keys etc., but it doesn't work as well.

Architecture info Linux debian 3.16.0-4-amd64 #1 SMP Debian 3.16.43-2+deb8u5 (2017-09-19) x86_64 GNU/Linux

OS Debian 8.9

g++ version g++ (Debian 4.9.2-10) 4.9.2

installed packages list:

evgeny@debian:~$ dpkg --list | grep c++                                                                                                                                                          
ii  lib32stdc++-4.9-dev                   4.9.2-10                                   amd64        GNU Standard C++ Library v3 (development files)                                                
ii  lib32stdc++6                          4.9.2-10                                   amd64        GNU Standard C++ Library v3 (32 bit Version)                                                   
ii  libflac++6:amd64                      1.3.0-3                                    amd64        Free Lossless Audio Codec - C++ runtime library                                                
ii  libgpgme++2                           4:4.14.2-2+deb8u2                          amd64        c++ wrapper library for gpgme                                                                  
ii  libsigc++-2.0-0c2a:amd64              2.4.0-1                                    amd64        type-safe Signal Framework for C++ - runtime                                                   
ii  libstdc++-4.9-dev:amd64               4.9.2-10                                   amd64        GNU Standard C++ Library v3 (development files)                                                
ii  libstdc++6:amd64                      4.9.2-10                                   amd64        GNU Standard C++ Library v3                                                                    
ii  libx32stdc++-4.9-dev                  4.9.2-10                                   amd64        GNU Standard C++ Library v3 (development files)                                                
ii  libx32stdc++6                         4.9.2-10                                   amd64        GNU Standard C++ Library v3 (x32)

Any ideas? I hope solution is obvious, thank you in advance.

Answer 1

If you use -m32 (which in 2017 is a strange thing to do, since most Linux are 64 bits), you need 32 bits libraries, such as lib32stdc++-7-dev package (or lib32stdc++-6-dev ; it depends upon your version of g++ ) on Debian.

BTW, naming your executable test is very poor taste, it collides with the standard (perhaps builtin) test(1) .

I recommend compiling for your native architecture (probably x86-64) with all warnings and debug info, eg using

 g++ -Wall -Wextra -g test.cpp -o mytest

and of course, the resulting executable mytest is likely to be 64 bits. You could check with the file mytest command.

BTW, your g++ 4.9 is quite old. Why don't you upgrade it? You could install GCC5 or GCC6, eg with aptitude install g++-6 ; in october 2017 the current version of GCC is GCC7

Today you'll better learn at least C++11 (don't lose your time learning something older). Older standards are obsolete. So it is better to use at least GCC6 if you want a good support of that standard.

Of course, you need the C++ standard library development package. On my Debian/Sid it is libstdc++-6-dev

The build-essential metapackage is for building essential utilities coded in C, not in C++.
You need to explicitly install several C++ related packages (and you don't tell which you have installed).

If you know some Debian package coded in C++ (eg fish ), you might use the aptitude build-dep command on it; it would install properly all the packages needed to build it, and that would include necessary C++ stuff. So you could try aptitude build-dep fish

In october 2017 the stable version of Debian is Debian stretch 9.2; if you use an older variant, you should consider upgrading your distribution.

Answer 2

你能在'/usr/inlcude/bits'目录下找到locale.h文件吗，编译错误提示文件丢失。