如何通过Class类型的 <T> 在通用方法中

Question

I am trying to write a generic method so I can reuse it for multiple Request and response types. This is the non-generic method

 public ReservationBookingResponse invokeService(String endPoint, ReservationBookingRequest reservationBookingRequest, HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest) throws  APIException {

ResponseEntity<ReservationBookingResponse> response = null;
try {  
    String authToken = getAuthToken(restTemplate, httpServletRequest);
    HttpEntity<ReservationBookingRequest> entity = new HttpEntity<ReservationBookingRequest>(reservationBookingRequest, addAuthorizationHeader(authToken));
    response = restTemplate.postForEntity(endPoint, entity, ReservationBookingResponse.class);  

} catch (Exception e) {
    throw new  APIException(e);
}

return response.getBody();
}

This is the generic method I wrote

public default T invoke(String endPoint, K requestBean, HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest) throws  APIException {

    RestTemplate restTemplate=new RestTemplate();
    ResponseEntity<T> response = null;
    try {
            String authToken = getAuthToken(restTemplate, httpServletRequest);
            HttpEntity<K> entity   = new HttpEntity<K>(requestBean, addAuthorizationHeader(authToken));
        response = restTemplate.postForEntity(endPoint, entity, T);

    } catch (Exception e) {
        throw new  APIException(e);
    }
    return  response.getBody();
    }

Now the problem is in response = restTemplate.postForEntity(endPoint, entity, T); I am getting an exception "T cannot be resolved to a type" in the non generic(former) method response = restTemplate.postForEntity(endPoint, entity, ReservationBookingResponse.class); this works fine.

Now I can not do T.class as it is not allowed. Can someone please tell me how to pass Class<T> to the method.

This is what the postforEntity method expects

@Override
    public <T> ResponseEntity<T> postForEntity(String url, Object request, Class<T> responseType, Object... uriVariables)
            throws RestClientException {

Answer 1

You need to be given the Class<T> at some point by the caller.

The most straightforward way is to require the caller to provide the class when calling invoke . It is what Piotr Wilkin suggests and what you did in your answer. It however creates more boilerplate than needed, and there is a better option.

Since T is a generic of the whole object, you could provide the Class<T> to the constructor, like:

private final Class<T> type; // some prefer naming like clazz

public MyClassThatHasTheInvokeMethod(Class<T> type) { /* set the field(s) here */ }

Then, you can easily provide the type to any method call that needs Class<T> .

Answer 2

You can't.

Because of type erasure, the type T is basically not provided at runtime in any way. The only case in which you can ever retrieve a type T is in case of a non-generic class that inherits from a specific case of a generic class (ie Foo extends Bar<Something> ), in this case you can retrieve the Something .

In all other cases, unfortunately, you have to use boilerplate - pass the class object explicitly. If any of your constructor arguments is an object of type T , you can use .getClass() instead to avoid the boilerplate, otherwise you have to pass the class manually.

Answer 3

This is what I had to do to make to make it work, pass the class type as an argument from calling method.

Quick fix Solution -1

public  T postRequestToService(String endPoint, K requestBean, HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, 
 Class<T> classType) throws  APIException {

 response = restTemplate.postForEntity(endPoint, entity, classType);

and in the calling method

postRequestToService(endPoint+addOnAvailability, addOnAvailabilityRequest,
httpServletRequest, AddOnAvailabilityResponse.class);

However a better solution is below one - Solution -2

Define a constructor, even though this happens to be an abstract class

public class PegasusService<K, T> {

    private Class<K> requestClass;
    private Class<T> responseClass;

     public PegasusService(Class<K> requestClass, Class<T> responseClass) {
this.requestClass = requestClass;
this.responseClass = responseClass;
}

and in the child class pass the class types in the constructor.

   AddOnAvailabilityService() {
    super(AddOnAvailabilityRequest.class, AddOnAvailabilityResponse.class);
    }

So this code works fine response = restTemplate.postForEntity(endPoint, entity, responseClass); No need to pass the class type.

This way we dont have to add an extra argument or change the method definition.