SQL查询以列出所有表字段和键（外部和主键）

Question

o/ Hello All,

I am trying to create a schema for an ERP that, laughable, doesn't have one for the 62 tables in its database. We, who I work for, don't have a DBA and thus am trying to sort through this on my own. In addition, I do not have DB owner rules and believe this limits what I can view; however, I have confirmed that is no standard schema/diagram

I searched and tried about a dozen queries I found on here but wasn't getting the information I am looking for.

Is there a sysobjects query that I can use to list all of the table's fields and appropriate keys? Aaaaaaaand, I'm new to SQL. I can get around with queries, but on the administration side I have no clue. I am working on MS SQL Server Management Studio 2017.

Thanks good people.

Partial view of tables

PS I understand this may appear as a duplicate, but I have been told time and time again by our IT department that the ERP's databases is a mess and was why they have been reluctant to auth me access. I think our ideas of standards may not be applicable with this particular database, hence the long post/descriptions.

Answer 1

I havn't worked with MS SQL for a long time, but i think you can use the following:

describe table_name OR sp_columns table_name

Hope that helps.

Answer 2

The following script will provide you with all the table names, column names, the data types for each column, width of the columns, whether a key is Primary or Secondary, and the referenced table and column for Foreign Keys.

SELECT SA.TABLE_NAME,
       SA.COLUMN_NAME, 
       SA.DATA_TYPE, 
       SA.CHARACTER_MAXIMUM_LENGTH AS Column_Width,
       PK.type AS PRIMARY_KEY,
       FK.type AS Foriegn_KEY, 
       SAU.CONSTRAINT_NAME,
       SO.[Name] + '_' + SAU.COLUMN_NAME Referenced_Table_Column
FROM Stack.INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS AS SA
LEFT JOIN STACK.INFORMATION_SCHEMA.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE AS SAU
    ON SAU.COLUMN_NAME = SA.COLUMN_NAME
LEFT JOIN sys.foreign_keys AS FK
    ON FK.[NAME] = SAU.CONSTRAINT_NAME
LEFT JOIN sys.key_constraints AS PK
    ON PK.[NAME] = SAU.CONSTRAINT_NAME
LEFT JOIN sys.objects AS SO 
    ON SO.object_id = FK.referenced_object_id OR
       SO.object_id = PK.parent_object_id

Possible Limitations:

1. You may not have enough permissions to the database to be able to run this query as it use sys tables and the information_schema.

Work Arounds:

1. Have you IT admins run the query for you and export the data to CSV or Excel file.