[英]Update user error with Django API rest framework
I can`t update users because Django gives me this error in postman: 我无法更新用户,因为Django在邮递员中给了我这个错误:
AttributeError at /profesionales/
Got AttributeError when attempting to get a value for field `user` on serializer `ProfesionalesSerializer`.
The serializer field might be named incorrectly and not match any attribute or key on the `User` instance.
Original exception text was: 'User' object has no attribute 'user'.
Request Method: PUT
Request URL: http://127.0.0.1:8000/profesionales/
Django Version: 1.11.6
Python Executable: C:\Users\Ismael\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\python.exe
Python Version: 3.6.3
Here is my code: 这是我的代码:
view.py view.py
#Listar todos los profesionales o crear uno
#profesionales/
class ProfesionalesList(APIView):
def get_object(self, pk):
try:
return User.objects.get(username=pk)
except User.DoesNotExist:
raise Http404
def get(self, request ):
usuarios = Profesionales.objects.all()
usuarioSerializer = ProfesionalesSerializer(usuarios, many=True)
return Response(usuarioSerializer.data)
def post(self, request):
profesionalSerializer = ProfesionalesSerializer(data=request.data)
if profesionalSerializer.is_valid():
profesionalSerializer.save()
return Response(profesionalSerializer.data, status=status.HTTP_201_CREATED)
else:
return Response(profesionalSerializer.errors, status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)
def put(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
instance = self.get_object(request.data.get('user').get('username'))
profesionalSerializer = ProfesionalesSerializer(instance, data=request.data)
if profesionalSerializer.is_valid():
profesionalSerializer.save()
return Response(profesionalSerializer.data, status=status.HTTP_201_CREATED)
else:
return Response(profesionalSerializer.errors, status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)
serializers.py serializers.py
class UserSerializer(serializers.Serializer):
username = serializers.CharField()
first_name = serializers.CharField(allow_blank=True)
last_name = serializers.CharField(allow_blank=True)
email = serializers.CharField(allow_blank=True)
class Meta:
fields = ('username', 'first_name', 'last_name', 'email')
def create(self, validated_data):
user = User.objects.create(**validated_data)
return user
class ProfesionalesSerializer(serializers.Serializer):
user = UserSerializer()
numColegiado = serializers.CharField(allow_blank=False)
class Meta:
fields = ('user', 'numColegiado')
def create(self, validated_data):
user_data = validated_data.pop('user')
user = User.objects.create(**user_data)
profesional = Profesionales.objects.create(user=user, **validated_data)
return profesional
def update(self, instance, validated_data):
num_colegiado = validated_data.get('numColegiado')
user_data = validated_data.pop('user')
user = User.objects.get(**user_data)
profesionales = user.profesionales
if num_colegiado:
profesionales.numColegiado = num_colegiado
profesionales.save()
return instance
model.py 模型
class Profesionales(models.Model):
user = models.OneToOneField(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
dni = models.CharField(max_length=9, blank=True, default='')
numColegiado = models.CharField(max_length=8, blank=True, default='')
valoracionMedia = models.FloatField(blank=True, default=0)
numVotos = models.IntegerField(blank=True, default=0)
def __str__(self):
return self.numColegiado
Ok, I have it - but to be honest, you should rethink your API design. 好的,我知道了-但老实说,您应该重新考虑API设计。
The problem is that - there is no problem -I mean from yout code I cannot reproduce the error. 问题是-没有问题-我的意思是您的代码无法重现该错误。 It is probably I assumed the User model - if you can paste the user model definition would be great (or if this is a standard django user - also mention that).
可能我假设用户模型-如果您可以粘贴用户模型定义,那就太好了(或者,如果这是标准的django用户-还要提一下)。
So firstly I would change the serializers to model serializers: 所以首先我将序列化器更改为模型序列化器:
serializers.py serializers.py
class UsernameValidator(object):
def set_context(self, serializer_field):
"""
This hook is called by the serializer instance,
prior to the validation call being made.
"""
# Determine the existing instance, if this is an update operation.
self.instance = getattr(serializer_field.parent, 'instance', None)
if not self.instance:
# try to get user from profesionales:
root_instance = getattr(serializer_field.root, 'instance', None)
self.instance = getattr(root_instance, 'user', None)
def __call__(self, value):
if self.instance and User.objects.filter(username=value).exclude(id=self.instance.id).exists():
raise ValidationError('Username already exists.')
if not self.instance and User.objects.filter(username=value).exists():
raise ValidationError('Username already exists.')
class UserSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
username = serializers.CharField(max_length=128, validators=[UsernameValidator()])
class Meta:
model = User
fields = ('username', 'first_name', 'last_name', 'email')
class ProfesionalesSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
user = UserSerializer()
numColegiado = serializers.CharField(allow_blank=False)
class Meta:
model = Profesionales
fields = ('user', 'numColegiado')
def create(self, validated_data):
user_data = validated_data.pop('user')
user = User.objects.create(**user_data)
profesional = Profesionales.objects.create(user=user, **validated_data)
return profesional
def update(self, instance, validated_data):
user_data = validated_data.pop('user')
user = instance.user
userSerializer = UserSerializer(user, data=user_data)
if userSerializer.is_valid(raise_exception=True):
userSerializer.save()
num_colegiado = validated_data.get('numColegiado')
if num_colegiado:
instance.numColegiado = num_colegiado
instance.save()
return instance
As you can note - I've added the UsernameValidator which is pretty important for API to work properly 0- it basically search for existing user instance and check if username exists or not; 如您所知-我添加了UsernameValidator ,这对于API正常工作非常重要0-它基本上是搜索现有的用户实例并检查用户名是否存在;
I've also changed the update method - now it is using the UserSerializer explicite; 我还更改了更新方法-现在它使用的是UserSerializer显式; Also corrected some bugs - returning validated_data instead of instance and so on.
还纠正了一些错误-返回validated_data而不是实例 ,依此类推。
At the end views.py : 最后, views.py :
class ProfesionalesList(APIView):
def get_object(self, pk):
try:
return User.objects.get(username=pk)
except User.DoesNotExist:
raise Http404
def get(self, request ):
usuarios = Profesionales.objects.all()
usuarioSerializer = ProfesionalesSerializer(usuarios, many=True)
return Response(usuarioSerializer.data)
def post(self, request):
profesionalSerializer = ProfesionalesSerializer(data=request.data)
if profesionalSerializer.is_valid(raise_exception=True):
profesionalSerializer.save()
return Response(profesionalSerializer.data, status=status.HTTP_201_CREATED)
def put(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
user = self.get_object(request.data.get('user').get('username'))
profesionalSerializer = ProfesionalesSerializer(user.profesionales, data=request.data)
if profesionalSerializer.is_valid(raise_exception=True):
profesionalSerializer.save()
return Response(profesionalSerializer.data, status=status.HTTP_200_OK)
I've shorten the code - using the raise_exception in is_valid method. 我已经缩短了代码-使用is_valid方法raise_exception。
Actually - sorry for not following the stackoverflow rules - and do not provide an answer for your actual problem - but I strongly believe that analyzing the example you can figure it out. 实际上-很抱歉没有遵循stackoverflow规则-并没有为您的实际问题提供答案-但我坚信分析示例可以解决问题。 If you have any more questions - please ask.
如果您还有其他问题-请询问。
On your class ProfesionalesSerializer
, you have defined user
as an instance of UserSerializer
. 在类
ProfesionalesSerializer
,已将user
定义为UserSerializer
的实例。 Instead, user
should be a field. 而是,
user
应该是一个字段。 You can't use serializers as "fields". 您不能将序列化器用作“字段”。
Edit: Ignore this. 编辑:忽略此。 Turns out you can .
原来你可以 。 See here: http://www.django-rest-framework.org/api-guide/serializers/#dealing-with-nested-objects
参见此处: http : //www.django-rest-framework.org/api-guide/serializers/#dealing-with-nested-objects
(thanks to @opalczynski) (感谢@opalczynski)
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