[英]pattern match and replace the string with if else loop
I have a file containing multiple lines starting with "1ECLI H--- 12.345 .....". 我有一个包含多行以“1ECLI H --- 12.345 .....”开头的文件。 I want to remove a space between I and H and add R/S/T upon iteration of the H pattern. 我想删除I和H之间的空格,并在迭代H模式时添加R / S / T. for eg. 例如。 H810 if repeated in consecutive three lines, it should get added with a letter R, S (second iteration), T (third iteration). H810如果连续三行重复,则应加上字母R,S(第二次迭代),T(第三次迭代)。 so it would be H810R. 所以它将是H810R。 Any help will be appreciated. 任何帮助将不胜感激。
text looks like below 文字如下所示
1ECLI H813 98 7.529 8.326 9.267
1ECLI H813 99 7.427 8.470 9.251
1ECLI C814 100 7.621 8.513 9.263
1ECLI H814 101 7.607 8.617 9.289
1ECLI H814 102 7.633 8.489 9.156
1ECLI H814 103 7.721 8.509 9.305
1ECLI C74 104 8.164 8.733 10.740
1ECLI H74R 105 8.247 8.690 10.799
upon chage 在chage
1ECLI H813R 98 7.529 8.326 9.267
1ECLI H813S 99 7.427 8.470 9.251
1ECLI C814 100 7.621 8.513 9.263
1ECLI H814R 101 7.607 8.617 9.289
1ECLI H814s 102 7.633 8.489 9.156
1ECLI H814T 103 7.721 8.509 9.305
1ECLI C74 104 8.164 8.733 10.740
1ECLI H74R 105 8.247 8.690 10.799
Thanks. 谢谢。
If your Input_file is same as shown sample then could you please try following awk
and let me know if this helps you. 如果您的Input_file与显示的示例相同,那么您可以尝试关注awk
并告诉我这是否对您有所帮助。
awk '
BEGIN{
val[1]="R";
val[2]="S";
val[3]="T"
}
$2 !~ /^H[0-9]+/ || i==3{
i=""
}
$2 ~ /^H[0-9]+$/ && /^1ECLI/{
$2=$2val[++i]
}
1
' Input_file > temp_file && mv temp_file Input_file
Adding explanation also for answer too as follows. 也为答案添加说明如下。
awk '
BEGIN{ ##Starting BEGIN section of awk here.
val[1]="R"; ##creating an array named val whose index is 1 and value is string R.
val[2]="S"; ##creating array val 2nd element here whose value is S.
val[3]="T" ##creating array val 3rd element here whose value is T.
}
$2 !~ /^H[0-9]+/ || i==3{ ##Checking condition if 2nd field does not start from H and digits after that OR variable i value is equal to 3.
i="" ##Then nullifying the value of variable i here.
}
$2 ~ /^H[0-9]+$/ && /^1ECLI/{ ##Checking here if 2nd field value is starts from H till all digits till end AND line starts from 1ECLI string then do following.
$2=$2val[++i] ##re-creating value of 2nd field by adding value of array val whose index is increasing value of variable i.
}
1 ##Mentioning 1 here, which means it will print the current line.
' Input_file > temp_file && mv temp_file Input_file ##Mentioning Input_file name here.
Even below one can give desired output, if your real input file is same as what you have posted. 如果您的真实输入文件与您发布的文件相同,即使是低于一个也可以提供所需的输出。
awk 'BEGIN{split("R,S,T",a,/,/)}f=$2~/^H[0-9]+$/{$2 = $2 a[++c]}!f{c=0}1' infile
Explanation 说明
split("R,S,T",a,/,/)
- split string "R,S,T"
by separator comma, and save in array a
, so it becomes a[1] = R, a[2] = S, a[3] = T
split("R,S,T",a,/,/)
- 用分隔符逗号分割字符串"R,S,T"
,并保存在数组a
,所以它变为a[1] = R, a[2] = S, a[3] = T
f=$2~/^H[0-9]+$/
- f
is variable, validate regexp $2 ~ /^H[0-9]+$/
, which returns boolean status. f=$2~/^H[0-9]+$/
- f
是变量,验证regexp $2 ~ /^H[0-9]+$/
,返回布尔状态。 if it returned true
then variable f
will be true, otherwise false
如果它返回true
则变量f
将为真,否则为false
$2 = $2 a[++c]
if above one was true, then modify second field, so second field will have existing value plus array a
value, corresponding to the index ( c
), ++c
is pre-increment variable $2 = $2 a[++c]
如果高于1则为真,则修改第二个字段,因此第二个字段将具有现有值加数组a
值,对应于索引( c
), ++c
是预增量变量
!f{c=0}
if variable f
is false then reset variable c
, not consecutive. !f{c=0}
如果变量f
为假,则重置变量c
,而不是连续。
1
at the end does default operation that is print current/record/row, print $0
. 1
默认操作是打印当前/记录/行, print $0
。 To know how awk works try, awk '1' infile
, which will print all records/lines, whereas awk '0' infile
prints nothing. 要知道awk是如何工作的,请使用awk '1' infile
,它将打印所有记录/行,而awk '0' infile
打印任何内容。 Any number other than zero is true , which triggers the default behavior. 除零以外的任何数字都为true ,这会触发默认行为。
Test Results: 检测结果:
$ cat infile
1ECLI H813 98 7.529 8.326 9.267
1ECLI H813 99 7.427 8.470 9.251
1ECLI C814 100 7.621 8.513 9.263
1ECLI H814 101 7.607 8.617 9.289
1ECLI H814 102 7.633 8.489 9.156
1ECLI H814 103 7.721 8.509 9.305
1ECLI C74 104 8.164 8.733 10.740
1ECLI H74R 105 8.247 8.690 10.799
$ awk 'BEGIN{split("R,S,T",a,/,/)}f=$2~/^H[0-9]+$/{$2 = $2 a[++c]}!f{c=0}1' infile
1ECLI H813R 98 7.529 8.326 9.267
1ECLI H813S 99 7.427 8.470 9.251
1ECLI C814 100 7.621 8.513 9.263
1ECLI H814R 101 7.607 8.617 9.289
1ECLI H814S 102 7.633 8.489 9.156
1ECLI H814T 103 7.721 8.509 9.305
1ECLI C74 104 8.164 8.733 10.740
1ECLI H74R 105 8.247 8.690 10.799
If you want better formatting like tab
or some other char as field separator, then you may use below one, modify OFS
variable 如果你想要更好的格式,如tab
或其他一些char作为字段分隔符,那么你可以使用下面一个,修改OFS
变量
$ awk -v OFS="\t" 'BEGIN{split("R,S,T",a,/,/)}f=$2~/^H[0-9]+$/{$2 = $2 a[++c]}!f{c=0}{$1=$1}1' infile
1ECLI H813R 98 7.529 8.326 9.267
1ECLI H813S 99 7.427 8.470 9.251
1ECLI C814 100 7.621 8.513 9.263
1ECLI H814R 101 7.607 8.617 9.289
1ECLI H814S 102 7.633 8.489 9.156
1ECLI H814T 103 7.721 8.509 9.305
1ECLI C74 104 8.164 8.733 10.740
1ECLI H74R 105 8.247 8.690 10.799
The code below assumes that lines
is a list of strings representing a line in your file. 下面的代码假定lines
是表示文件中一行的字符串列表。
with open('filename') as f:
lines = f.readlines()
from collections import defaultdict
cntd = defaultdict(lambda: 0)
suffix = ['R', 'S', 'T']
newlines = []
for line in lines:
try:
kwd = line.split()[1]
except IndexError:
newlines.append(line)
continue
if kwd[0] == 'H' and kwd[-1].isdigit():
sfx = suffix[cntd[kwd]]
idx = line.index(kwd)
nl = line[:idx -1] + kwd + sfx + line[idx + len(kwd):]
# nl = line[:idx + len(kwd)] + sfx + line[idx + len(kwd):] # adjust formatting to your taste
newlines.append(nl)
cntd[kwd] += 1
else:
newlines.append(line)
with open('filename', 'w') as f:
f.writelines(newlines)
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