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CMake OS X CLion。 如何链接自定义动态库？

[英]CMake OS X CLion. How to link a custom dynamic library?

 原文  2017-11-24 16:47:03  1   2    c++/ macos/ cmake

问题描述

Probably this question was asked several times. 可能这个问题被问过几次了。 But I can't find a solution. 但是我找不到解决方案。 I try to link a shared library and add it to RPATH. 我尝试链接共享库并将其添加到RPATH。 I tried several solutions: 我尝试了几种解决方案：

Here is my Cmake file: 这是我的Cmake文件： 

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.7)
project(Cpp)

set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 11)

file(GLOB CPP_UTILS CppUtils/*.cpp CppUtils/*.h)
set(SOURCE_FILES main.cpp ${CPP_UTILS})
add_executable(Cpp ${SOURCE_FILES})

SET(CMAKE_INSTALL_RPATH_USE_LINK_PATH TRUE)

target_link_libraries(Cpp /Users/mac/Projects/ECMCalmnessScroreAlgo/Cpp/libs/libpython3.7m.dylib)

include_directories(Include)

And it outputs the following error in runtime: 并且在运行时输出以下错误： 

dyld: Library not loaded: /usr/local/lib/libpython3.7m.dylib
  Referenced from: /Users/mac/Projects/ECMCalmnessScroreAlgo/Cpp/cmake-build-debug/Cpp
  Reason: image not found

Temporary I just want link a custom library, to understand how it works. 临时我只想链接一个自定义库，以了解其工作方式。 Then I want to copy the libs folder while build execution. 然后我想在构建执行过程中复制libs文件夹。

This is what it outputs when I try to run the command manually make VERBOSE=1 这是我尝试手动运行命令时输出的内容，使VERBOSE = 1 

/Applications/CLion.app/Contents/bin/cmake/bin/cmake -H/Users/mac/Projects/ECMCalmnessScroreAlgo/Cpp -B/Users/mac/Projects/ECMCalmnessScroreAlgo/Cpp/cmake-build-debug --check-build-system CMakeFiles/Makefile.cmake 0
/Applications/CLion.app/Contents/bin/cmake/bin/cmake -E cmake_progress_start /Users/mac/Projects/ECMCalmnessScroreAlgo/Cpp/cmake-build-debug/CMakeFiles /Users/mac/Projects/ECMCalmnessScroreAlgo/Cpp/cmake-build-debug/CMakeFiles/progress.marks
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/usr/bin/make -f CMakeFiles/Makefile2 all
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/usr/bin/make -f CMakeFiles/Cpp.dir/build.make CMakeFiles/Cpp.dir/depend
cd /Users/mac/Projects/ECMCalmnessScroreAlgo/Cpp/cmake-build-debug && /Applications/CLion.app/Contents/bin/cmake/bin/cmake -E cmake_depends "Unix Makefiles" /Users/mac/Projects/ECMCalmnessScroreAlgo/Cpp /Users/mac/Projects/ECMCalmnessScroreAlgo/Cpp /Users/mac/Projects/ECMCalmnessScroreAlgo/Cpp/cmake-build-debug /Users/mac/Projects/ECMCalmnessScroreAlgo/Cpp/cmake-build-debug /Users/mac/Projects/ECMCalmnessScroreAlgo/Cpp/cmake-build-debug/CMakeFiles/Cpp.dir/DependInfo.cmake --color=
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/usr/bin/make -f CMakeFiles/Cpp.dir/build.make CMakeFiles/Cpp.dir/build
make[2]: Nothing to be done for `CMakeFiles/Cpp.dir/build'.
[100%] Built target Cpp
/Applications/CLion.app/Contents/bin/cmake/bin/cmake -E cmake_progress_start /Users/mac/Projects/ECMCalmnessScroreAlgo/Cpp/cmake-build-debug/CMakeFiles 0
yo:cmake-build-debug stikhonenko$ make clean
yo:cmake-build-debug stikhonenko$ make VERBOSE=1
/Applications/CLion.app/Contents/bin/cmake/bin/cmake -H/Users/mac/Projects/ECMCalmnessScroreAlgo/Cpp -B/Users/mac/Projects/ECMCalmnessScroreAlgo/Cpp/cmake-build-debug --check-build-system CMakeFiles/Makefile.cmake 0
/Applications/CLion.app/Contents/bin/cmake/bin/cmake -E cmake_progress_start /Users/mac/Projects/ECMCalmnessScroreAlgo/Cpp/cmake-build-debug/CMakeFiles /Users/mac/Projects/ECMCalmnessScroreAlgo/Cpp/cmake-build-debug/CMakeFiles/progress.marks
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/usr/bin/make -f CMakeFiles/Makefile2 all
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/usr/bin/make -f CMakeFiles/Cpp.dir/build.make CMakeFiles/Cpp.dir/depend
cd /Users/mac/Projects/ECMCalmnessScroreAlgo/Cpp/cmake-build-debug && /Applications/CLion.app/Contents/bin/cmake/bin/cmake -E cmake_depends "Unix Makefiles" /Users/mac/Projects/ECMCalmnessScroreAlgo/Cpp /Users/mac/Projects/ECMCalmnessScroreAlgo/Cpp /Users/mac/Projects/ECMCalmnessScroreAlgo/Cpp/cmake-build-debug /Users/mac/Projects/ECMCalmnessScroreAlgo/Cpp/cmake-build-debug /Users/mac/Projects/ECMCalmnessScroreAlgo/Cpp/cmake-build-debug/CMakeFiles/Cpp.dir/DependInfo.cmake --color=
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/usr/bin/make -f CMakeFiles/Cpp.dir/build.make CMakeFiles/Cpp.dir/build
[ 25%] Building CXX object CMakeFiles/Cpp.dir/main.cpp.o
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/c++    -I/Users/mac/Projects/ECMCalmnessScroreAlgo/Cpp/Include  -g -isysroot /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.13.sdk   -std=gnu++11 -o CMakeFiles/Cpp.dir/main.cpp.o -c /Users/mac/Projects/ECMCalmnessScroreAlgo/Cpp/main.cpp
[ 50%] Building CXX object CMakeFiles/Cpp.dir/CppUtils/System.cpp.o
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/c++    -I/Users/mac/Projects/ECMCalmnessScroreAlgo/Cpp/Include  -g -isysroot /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.13.sdk   -std=gnu++11 -o CMakeFiles/Cpp.dir/CppUtils/System.cpp.o -c /Users/mac/Projects/ECMCalmnessScroreAlgo/Cpp/CppUtils/System.cpp
[ 75%] Building CXX object CMakeFiles/Cpp.dir/CppUtils/TimeUtils.cpp.o
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/c++    -I/Users/mac/Projects/ECMCalmnessScroreAlgo/Cpp/Include  -g -isysroot /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.13.sdk   -std=gnu++11 -o CMakeFiles/Cpp.dir/CppUtils/TimeUtils.cpp.o -c /Users/mac/Projects/ECMCalmnessScroreAlgo/Cpp/CppUtils/TimeUtils.cpp
[100%] Linking CXX executable Cpp
/Applications/CLion.app/Contents/bin/cmake/bin/cmake -E cmake_link_script CMakeFiles/Cpp.dir/link.txt --verbose=1
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/c++   -g -isysroot /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.13.sdk -Wl,-search_paths_first -Wl,-headerpad_max_install_names  CMakeFiles/Cpp.dir/main.cpp.o CMakeFiles/Cpp.dir/CppUtils/System.cpp.o CMakeFiles/Cpp.dir/CppUtils/TimeUtils.cpp.o  -o Cpp ../libs/libpython3.7m.dylib 
[100%] Built target Cpp
/Applications/CLion.app/Contents/bin/cmake/bin/cmake -E cmake_progress_start /Users/mac/Projects/ECMCalmnessScroreAlgo/Cpp/cmake-build-debug/CMakeFiles 0

2 个解决方案

解决方案1
 1  2017-11-24 17:21:26

You first need to tell cmake where to find the library ( find_library ), and only then you can use the result from find_library in target_link_libraries 你首先需要告诉cmake的在哪里可以找到库（ find_library ），然后才可以使用该结果从find_library在target_link_libraries

find_library takes a PATHS argument which you can use to tell cmake where to look find_library需要一个PATHS ，你可以用它来告诉cmake的哪里找说法 

find_library(
    PYTHON_3 
    libpython3.7m 
    PATHS
        /Users/mac/Projects/ECMCalmnessScroreAlgo/Cpp/libs)

Now you will have a variable ${PYTHON_3} which contains the path to the library. 现在，您将有一个变量${PYTHON_3} ，其中包含库的路径。 You use that variable in target_link_libraries 您在target_link_libraries使用该变量 

target_link_libraries(
    Cpp
    ${PYTHON_3})

Here is the complete CMakeLists.txt : 这是完整的CMakeLists.txt ： 

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.7)
project(Cpp)

set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 11)

file(GLOB CPP_UTILS CppUtils/*.cpp CppUtils/*.h)
set(SOURCE_FILES main.cpp ${CPP_UTILS})
add_executable(Cpp ${SOURCE_FILES})

SET(CMAKE_INSTALL_RPATH_USE_LINK_PATH TRUE)

find_library(
    PYTHON_3 
    libpython3.7m 
    PATHS
        /Users/mac/Projects/ECMCalmnessScroreAlgo/Cpp/libs)

target_link_libraries(Cpp ${PYTHON_3})
target_include_directories(Cpp Include)

解决方案2
 0  2017-11-24 17:04:15

Lets try linking the library's directory! 让我们尝试链接库的目录！

Assuming the name of your library is libpython3 假设您的库名是libpython3 

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.7)
project(Cpp)

set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 11)



file(GLOB CPP_UTILS CppUtils/*.cpp CppUtils/*.h)
set(SOURCE_FILES main.cpp ${CPP_UTILS})
add_executable(Cpp ${SOURCE_FILES})

SET(CMAKE_INSTALL_RPATH_USE_LINK_PATH TRUE)


LINK_DIRECTORIES(/Users/mac/Projects/ECMCalmnessScroreAlgo/Cpp/libs)

target_link_libraries(Cpp libpython3.7m)

include_directories(Include)

Does this work? 这样行吗？ :-) :-)

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