如何检测 python 上连接的新 usb 设备

Question

I want to make something which will run on the background and only after the computer detect new device is connected the rest of the code will run, is there any elegant way to do such a thing?

Answer 1

this is operating system dependent

in linux you can use pyudev for this :

Almost the complete libudev functionality is exposed. You can:

• Enumerate devices, filtered by specific criteria (pyudev.Context)
• Query device information, properties and attributes,
• Monitor devices , both synchronously and asynchronously with background threads, or within the event loops of Qt (pyudev.pyqt4, pyudev.pyside), glib (pyudev.glib) and wxPython (pyudev.wx).

https://pyudev.readthedocs.io/en/latest/

source code is in http://pyudev.readthedocs.io/en/v0.14/api/monitor.html , see the receive_device() function

in windows you can use the WMI ( Windows Management Instrumentation ) like in https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/powershell/2007/02/24/displaying-usb-devices-using-wmi/ ( Python Read the Device Manager Information ) or a python binding like in https://pypi.python.org/pypi/infi.devicemanager

Answer 2

An alternative (also for windows) could be to use PySerial. You could use a QTimer (from PyQt) instead of the while -loop, either in a singlethreaded or multithreaded configuration. A basic example (without QTimer or threading):

import time
from serial.tools import list_ports  # pyserial

def enumerate_serial_devices():
    return set([item for item in list_ports.comports()])

def check_new_devices(old_devices):
    devices = enumerate_serial_devices()
    added = devices.difference(old_devices)
    removed = old_devices.difference(devices)
    if added:
        print 'added: {}'.format(added)
    if removed:
        print 'removed: {}'.format(removed)
    return devices

# Quick and dirty timing loop 
old_devices = enumerate_serial_devices()
while True:
    old_devices = check_new_devices(old_devices)
    time.sleep(0.5)

Answer 3

You can use the OS library to see all drives connected to your computer. The following code will tell you the drives name and if it was connected or disconnected. In addition the code executes the function foo() when a drive is connected. Also, when a drive is disconnected it will execute the command ham()

import os.path


def diff(list1, list2):
    list_difference = [item for item in list1 if item not in list2]
    return list_difference


def foo():
    print("New dive introduced")


def ham():
    print("Drive disconnected")


dl = 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ'
drives = ['%s:' % d for d in dl if os.path.exists('%s:' % d)]
print(drives)
while True:
    uncheckeddrives = ['%s:' % d for d in dl if os.path.exists('%s:' % d)]
    x = diff(uncheckeddrives, drives)
    if x:
        print("New drives:     " + str(x))
        foo()
    x = diff(drives, uncheckeddrives)
    if x:
        print("Removed drives: " + str(x))
        ham()
    drives = ['%s:' % d for d in dl if os.path.exists('%s:' % d)]

This code is made for python 3.8 for windows

Answer 4

You can use WMIC for detecting usb if plugged

#coding:utf-8
import os

os.system("color")

Usb = os.popen("wmic logicaldisk where drivetype=2 get description ,deviceid ,volumename").read()
print(Usb)

if Usb.find("DeviceID") != -1:
    print("\033[1;32mUsb is plugged")
    input("")

else:
    print("\033[0;31mUsb is not plugged")
    input("")