Spring 应用程序中的可选环境变量

Question

In my Spring Boot app's application.properties I have this definition:

someProp=${SOME_ENV_VARIABLE}

But this is an optional value only set in certain environments, I use it like this

@Value("${someProp:#{null}}")
private String someProp;

Surprisingly I get this error when the env. var doesn't exist
Could not resolve placeholder 'SOME_ENV_VARIABLE' in string value "${SOME_ENV_VARIABLE}"
I was expecting Spring to just set a blank value if not found in any PropertySource .

How to make it optional?

Answer 1

Provide a default value in the application.properties

someProp=${SOME_ENV_VARIABLE:#{null}}

When used like @Value("${someProp}) , this will correctly evaluate to null . First, if SOME_ENV_VARIABLE is not found when application.properties is being processed, its value becomes the string literal "#{null}". Then, @Value evaluates someProp as a SpEL expression, which results in null . The actual value can be verified by looking at the property in the Environment bean.

This solution utilizes the default value syntax specified by the PlaceholderConfigurerSupport class

Default property values can be defined globally for each configurer instance via the properties property, or on a property-by-property basis using the default value separator which is ":" by default and customizable via setValueSeparator(String).

and Spring SpEL expression templating .

From Spring Boot docs on externalized configuration

Finally, while you can write a SpEL expression in @Value, such expressions are not processed from Application property files.

Answer 2

Because this is probably interesting to others who come here, you can override any properties file w/ an env variable implicitly. Let's say you have property.

someapp.foo

Then you can define an env variable SOMEAPP_FOO (capital letters and . -> _ ) and spring will implicitly set the property from the env. variable.

Described here

https://www.tutorialworks.com/spring-boot-kubernetes-override-properties/

Answer 3

This work for me:

spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://${DB_IP:localhost}:3306/app
spring.datasource.username=${SPRING_DATASOURCE_USERNAME:mylocaluser}
spring.datasource.password=${SPRING_DATASOURCE_PASSWORD:localpass}