在Power Shell中将xml转换为csv

Question

Hello I am new to Powershell, but I have looked all over for an answer to this question, how do I convert XML data to CSV data in powershell?

Here is my xml file:

<users>
     <user>
        <id>"data"</id>
        <name>"data"</name>
        <disabled>"data"</disabled>
        <title>"data"</title>
        <email>"data"</email>
        <role>
             <name>"data"</name>
        </role>
        <custom_fields_values>
            <custom_fields_value>
                <custom_field_id>60019</custom_field_id>
                <value>"data"</value>
            </custom_fields_value>
            <custom_fields_value>
                <custom_field_id>60021</custom_field_id>
                <value>"data"</value>
            </custom_fields_value>
            <custom_fields_value>
                <custom_field_id>60018</custom_field_id>
                <value>"data"</value>
            </custom_fields_value>
        </custom_fields_values>
        <site>
            <name>"data"</name>
        </site>
    </user>
</users>

The fields that are multiple layers in the tree are the biggest pain. Here is the script I have come up with so far. I am able to get the basic fields such as name and email. I really need the fields that are labeled custom fields and their subsets.

#Converts the xml to a CSV file 
$samage_users.users.user | select-Object @(
@{l="Email";e={$_.email}},
@{l="Name";e={$_.name}},
@{l="ID";e={$_.ID}},
@{l="Phone";e={$_.phone}},
@{l="Site";e={$_.site.name}},
@{l="Reports_To";e={$_.reports_to.name}},
@{l="Reports_To_Email";e={$_.reports_to.email}})|
export-csv "Samanage_users.csv" -NoTypeInformation -Append
$page ++
start-sleep -s 10
}
While ($page -lt ($pages + 2))
}
Function NewUsers
{
foreach ($user in $new_user)
{

CSV output file should look something like this. (see attached)

CSV Output File

Any help is greatly appreciated!

Thanks

Answer 1

You would need to generate an object, similarly to how you are doing it now, but you would need to add properties to it for each custom field before outputting it. The only complication comes in if you have users with different custom fields. Since PowerShell won't output any properties that the first item in your array has you have to find all potential properties, and add them to the first object. This should do what you want I'm fairly sure. I've added a second user to the XML with a different custom field (replaced 60019 with 60034) to show the output.

[xml]$samage_users=@'
<users>
        <user>
        <id>"data"</id>
        <name>"data"</name>
        <disabled>"data"</disabled>
        <title>"data"</title>
        <email>"data"</email>
        <role>
                <name>"data"</name>
        </role>
        <custom_fields_values>
            <custom_fields_value>
                <custom_field_id>60019</custom_field_id>
                <value>"data"</value>
            </custom_fields_value>
            <custom_fields_value>
                <custom_field_id>60021</custom_field_id>
                <value>"data"</value>
            </custom_fields_value>
            <custom_fields_value>
                <custom_field_id>60018</custom_field_id>
                <value>"data"</value>
            </custom_fields_value>
        </custom_fields_values>
        <site>
            <name>"data"</name>
        </site>
    </user>
    <user>
        <id>"data2"</id>
        <name>"data2"</name>
        <disabled>"data2"</disabled>
        <title>"data2"</title>
        <email>"data2"</email>
        <role>
                <name>"data2"</name>
        </role>
        <custom_fields_values>
            <custom_fields_value>
                <custom_field_id>60021</custom_field_id>
                <value>"data2"</value>
            </custom_fields_value>
            <custom_fields_value>
                <custom_field_id>60018</custom_field_id>
                <value>"data2"</value>
            </custom_fields_value>
            <custom_fields_value>
                <custom_field_id>60034</custom_field_id>
                <value>"data2"</value>
            </custom_fields_value>
        </custom_fields_values>
        <site>
            <name>"data2"</name>
        </site>
    </user>
</users>
'@

$Results = ForEach($User in $samage_users.users.user) {
    $UserObject = [PSCustomObject][ordered]@{
        "Email" = $User.email
        "Name" = $User.name
        "ID" = $User.ID
        "Phone" = $User.phone
        "Site" = $User.site.name
        "Reports_To" = $User.reports_to.name
        "Reports_To_Email" = $User.reports_to.email
    }
    $User.custom_fields_values.custom_fields_value | ForEach {Add-Member -InputObject $UserObject -NotePropertyName $_.custom_field_id -NotePropertyValue $_.value}
    $UserObject
}
$Results | ForEach{ $_.PSObject.Properties.Name }| Select -Unique | Where{ $_ -notin $Results[0].PSObject.Properties.Name } | ForEach{ Add-Member -InputObject $Results[0] -NotePropertyName $_ -NotePropertyValue ' ' }
$Results | FT *

The output of that is:

Email   Name    ID      Phone Site    Reports_To Reports_To_Email 60019  60021   60018   60034  
-----   ----    --      ----- ----    ---------- ---------------- -----  -----   -----   -----  
"data"  "data"  "data"        "data"                              "data" "data"  "data"         
"data2" "data2" "data2"       "data2"                                    "data2" "data2" "data2"

You could just as easily pipe $Results to Export-Csv if you need it output to a file.

Answer 2

Here's my alteration of TheMadTechnician's answer , with necessary explaining comments:

$RObj = ForEach ($User in $samage_users.users.user) { 
  ### calculate basic properties - even those ones absent in XML
  $UObj = $user | Select-Object @(
    @{l="Email";e={$_.email}},
    @{l="Name";e={$_.name}},
    @{l="ID";e={$_.ID}},
    @{l="Phone";e={$_.phone}},
    @{l="Site";e={$_.site.name}},
    @{l="Rs_To";e={$_.reports_to.name}},   # "Rs_To"   cut "Reports_To"
    @{l="Rs_To_E";e={$_.reports_to.email}} # "Rs_To_E" cut "Reports_To_Email"
                                           # cuttings merely for better output readability
  )
  ### add user-dependent properties for each custom field 
    $User.custom_fields_values.custom_fields_value | 
      ForEach-Object {
        $UObj | Add-Member NoteProperty -Name $_.custom_field_id -Value $_.value
      }
    $UObj     ### add current PSCustomObject to the `$RObj` array
}
### mutually arrange potentially missing user-dependent properties
for ($i = 0; $i -lt $RObj.Count; $i++ ) {
 for ($j = 0; $j -lt $RObj.Count; $j++ ) {
  if ( $i -ne $j ) {
   $RObj[$i] | ForEach-Object { $_.PSObject.Properties.Name } | 
    Where-Object { $_ -notin $RObj[$j].PSObject.Properties.Name } | 
     ForEach-Object { 
        $RObj[$j] | Add-Member -MemberType NoteProperty -Name $_ -Value ''
     }
  }
 }
}
### $RObj | Export-Csv "Samanage_users.csv" -NoTypeInformation
### debugging output instead of `Export-Csv`
$RObj | Format-Table -Property * -AutoSize

Input (modified original XML ); entered separately to avoid vertical scrolling in above code:

$samage_users=[xml]@'
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<users>
        <user>
        <id>"dI"</id>
        <name>"dN"</name>
        <disabled>"dD"</disabled>
        <title>"dT"</title>
        <email>"dE"</email>
        <role>
                <name>"dR"</name>
        </role>
        <custom_fields_values>
            <custom_fields_value>
                <custom_field_id>60044</custom_field_id>
                <value>"dC1"</value>
            </custom_fields_value>
            <custom_fields_value>
                <custom_field_id>60021</custom_field_id>
                <value>"dC2"</value>
            </custom_fields_value>
            <custom_fields_value>
                <custom_field_id>60018</custom_field_id>
                <value>"dC3"</value>
            </custom_fields_value>
        </custom_fields_values>
        <site>
            <name>"dSi"</name>
        </site>
    </user>
    <user>
        <id>"d2I"</id>
        <name>"d2N"</name>
        <disabled>"d2D"</disabled>
        <title>"d2T"</title>
        <email>"d2E"</email>
        <role>
                <name>"d2R"</name>
        </role>
        <Reports_To>
            <name>"d2RTn"</name>
            <email>"d2RTe"</email>
        </Reports_To>
        <custom_fields_values>
            <custom_fields_value>
                <custom_field_id>60021</custom_field_id>
                <value>"d2C1"</value>
            </custom_fields_value>
            <custom_fields_value>
                <custom_field_id>60018</custom_field_id>
                <value>"d2C2"</value>
            </custom_fields_value>
            <custom_fields_value>
                <custom_field_id>60034</custom_field_id>
                <value>"d2C3"</value>
            </custom_fields_value>
        </custom_fields_values>
        <site>
            <name>"d2Si"</name>
        </site>
    </user>
    <user>
        <id>"d3I"</id>
        <name>"d3N"</name>
        <disabled>"d3D"</disabled>
        <title>"d3T"</title>
        <email>"d3E"</email>
        <role>
                <name>"d3R"</name>
        </role>
        <custom_fields_values>
            <custom_fields_value>
                <custom_field_id>60055</custom_field_id>
                <value>"d3C1"</value>
            </custom_fields_value>
            <custom_fields_value>
                <custom_field_id>60066</custom_field_id>
                <value>"d3C2"</value>
            </custom_fields_value>
        </custom_fields_values>
        <site>
            <name>"d3Si"</name>
        </site>
    </user>
</users>
'@

Output :

PS D:\PShell D:\PShell\SO\47660787.ps1

Email Name  ID    Phone Site   Rs_To   Rs_To_E 60044 60021  60018  60034  60055  60066 
----- ----  --    ----- ----   -----   ------- ----- -----  -----  -----  -----  ----- 
"dE"  "dN"  "dI"        "dSi"                  "dC1" "dC2"  "dC3"                      
"d2E" "d2N" "d2I"       "d2Si" "d2RTn" "d2RTe"       "d2C1" "d2C2" "d2C3"              
"d3E" "d3N" "d3I"       "d3Si"                                            "d3C1" "d3C2"

Note in regard of Tomalak's useful comment stating that XML files should always be read using the XmlDocument object's .Load() method .

###                   $samage_users defined as above i.e. a herestring cast to [xml] type
$xml = New-Object Xml
$xml.Load("Samanage_users.xml")            ### a file containing above herestring content
Compare-Object $samage_users.InnerXml $xml.InnerXml                     ### no difference