ASP.NET Core DI：如果将作用域服务注册为服务类型和实现类型，则解析相同的实例

Question

Say I have a service that I want to resolve with a scoped lifetime. But sometime I try to resolve it as the interface type and sometimes at the implementation type.

The first thing I tried to do was this:

ServiceCollection services;
services.AddScoped<MyClass>();
services.AddScoped<IMyInterface, MyClass>();

The problem with the above sample is that a different instance is used if I resolve IMyInterface, and than resolve MyClass. Basically it's possible that 2 scoped instances are alife at the same time.

I work around this issue in the following way. But it's very error-prone because you can easily forget to do this at one place, and it's really hard to notice.

serviceCollection.AddScoped<MyClass>();
serviceCollection.AddScoped<IMyInterface, MyClass>(sp => sp.GetRequiredService<MyClass>());

Is there any way to accomplish what I want in a way that is less error prone. Preferrably, but not necessarily, in a single registration?

Ie as an xUnit test:

public class Tests
{
    [Fact]
    public void ReturnsSameInstanceForImplementationAndServiceType()
    {
        var serviceCollection = new ServiceCollection();

        // TODO: Change these lines so they're less error prone.
        serviceCollection.AddScoped<MyClass>();
        serviceCollection.AddScoped<IMyInterface, MyClass>(sp => sp.GetRequiredService<MyClass>());

        var services = serviceCollection.BuildServiceProvider();
        var myInt = services.GetRequiredService<IMyInterface>();
        var myCls = services.GetRequiredService<MyClass>();

        Assert.Equal(myCls, myInt);
    }

    class MyClass : IMyInterface { }
    interface IMyInterface { }
}

Answer 1

One option would be to create your own extension method that wraps up the two lines you've shown in your question. For example:

public static class ServiceCollectionExtensions
{
    public static void AddScopedInterfaceAndClass<TInterface, TClass>(this IServiceCollection serviceCollection)
        where TInterface : class
        where TClass : class, TInterface
    {
        serviceCollection.AddScoped<TClass>();
        serviceCollection.AddScoped<TInterface, TClass>(sp => sp.GetRequiredService<TClass>());
    }
}

You could call this like so:

serviceCollection.AddScopedInterfaceAndClass<IMyInterface, MyClass>();

I appreciate that AddScopedInterfaceAndClass isn't the perfect name - it's just an example to demonstrate the idea. Also, there is still the downside that you'd have to remember to use this extension rather then AddScoped .

Note: You could simplify the second AddScoped in the extension method by removing the second generic ( TClass ) as this is inferred by the compiler.