使用 Guice，如何将单元测试中的模拟对象注入正在测试的类中

Question

Consider the following code:

@Singleton
public class MyServiceImpl {
    public int doSomething() {
        return 5;
    }
}

@ImplementedBy(MyServiceImpl.class)
public interface MyService {
    public int doSomething();
}

public class MyCommand {
    @Inject private MyService service;

    public boolean executeSomething() {
        return service.doSomething() > 0;
    }
}

public class MyCommandTest {
    @InjectMocks MyServiceImpl serviceMock;
    private MyCommand command;

    @Before public void beforeEach() {
        MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
        command = new MyCommand();
        when(serviceMock.doSomething()).thenReturn(-1); // <- Error here
    }

    @Test public void mockInjected() {
        boolean result = command.executeSomething();
        verify(serviceMock).doSomething();
        assertThat(result, equalTo(false));
    }
}

My test is falling over when I attempt to stub the doSomething() method on my mock implementation object. I get the error:

org.mockito.exceptions.misusing.MissingMethodInvocationException: when() requires an argument which has to be 'a method call on a mock'. For example: when(mock.getArticles()).thenReturn(articles);

Also, this error might show up because: 1. you stub either of: final/private/equals()/hashCode() methods. Those methods cannot be stubbed/verified. Mocking methods declared on non-public parent classes is not supported. 2. inside when() you don't call method on mock but on some other object.

I am new to dependency injection via Guice, and am not sure why I cannot mock the implementation object in this way?

Answer 1

Test without CDI

A simple solution is to combine CDI with Constructor Injection, and forget about Guice for the test:

public class MyCommand {
    private final MyService service;

    @Inject
    public MyCommand(MyService service) {
        this.service = service;
    }

    public boolean executeSomething() {
        return service.doSomething() > 0;
    }
}

@RunWith(MockitoJUnitRunner.class)
public class MyCommandTest {
    @Mock
    MyServiceImpl serviceMock;
    private MyCommand command;

    @Before public void beforeEach() {
        MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
        when(serviceMock.doSomething()).thenReturn(-1); // <- Error here

        // inject without Guice
        command = new MyCommand(serviceMock);
    }
}

Test with Mockito doing CDI

Else, if you do not like Constructor Injection, the test code should look like this:

@RunWith(MockitoJUnitRunner.class)
public class MyCommandTest {
    @Mock
    MyServiceImpl serviceMock;
    @InjectMocks 
    private MyCommand command;

    @Before 
    public void beforeEach() {
        MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
        command = new MyCommand();
        when(serviceMock.doSomething()).thenReturn(-1); // <- Error here
    }
}