我如何找出所有可能由一段PHP代码抛出的错误？

Question

I want to know what errors can be thrown that I am not catching, for dynamic code - not static code. For example, my code may run without throwing any Exceptions for 10 years and then throw UncaughtException

I want to specifically (non-generically) catch every type of Exception that can be thrown by the methods I am using. How can I know what Exceptions MAY be thrown by these methods?

I want to non-generically catch every type of error that can possibly be thrown for a section of PHP code.

Examples of exceptions that may be thrown:

PDOException
ExpiredException

Now I have this around everything:

try{
 ...
}catch(Exception $e){
 ...
}

I'd like to replace it with something like this:

try{
 ...
}catch(PDOException $e){
 ...
}catch(ExpiredException $e){
 ...
}catch(Exception $e){
 ...
}

I'd like to be confident that I am catching all different kinds of Exception that can be thrown by the methods in the section of code

And if I catch all Exceptions individually, will it be safe to remove this part?:

catch(Exception $e){
 ... 
}

Or are there methods which will simply throw Exception?

My solution preference list (1 is the most-preferred solution):

1: A flag I can turn on that will cause php.exe to warn me about each and every possible type of Exception that is not specifically being caught

2: A way to individually check each method and see what errors can be thrown. Is the documentation the only way to check? or is there some IDE or PHP block that will tell me which Exceptions may be thrown by individual methods?

Answer 1

You can catch all exceptions without even call try .

function hello($e)
{
  if ($e instanceof PDOException){
  echo "something".
}else echo $e->getMessage();


}


set_exception_handler('hello');

this should catch all exceptions.

UPDATE 2

I've edited the code so you know what exceptions will be thrown using get_class();

class mycustomException extends Exception{} // making new exception
function hello($e)
{
    if ($e instanceof PDOException){ // exception already known
        echo "something";
}else{

        echo get_class($e); // get exception name.
    }


}


set_exception_handler('hello');
throw new mycustomException(); // throw exception that we made.

Answer 2

Well if you are talking exceptions, you already have the answer

try{
 ...
}catch(PDOException $e){
 ...
}catch(ExpiredException $e){
 ...
}catch(Exception $e){
   echo get_class($e); // get's the class of unrecorded exceptions.
   //catches any exceptions missed by the above
}

Now if you are talking about "errors" you can do is use a custom error handler

  if(!function_exists('myErrorHandler')){
      function myErrorHandler($severity, $message, $file = 'UNKNOWN', $line = 'UNKNOWN')
      {

         throw new ErrorException(
             $message,
             1,
             $severity,
             $file,
             $line
         );
      }

      set_error_handler('myErrorHandler');
 }

What it does is convert all PHP errors to exceptions or rather to ErrorExceptoins .

Now you can go a step further and use these other two functions.

register_shutdown_function

AND

set_exception_handler

I'm actually working on porting what I use to it's own stand alone github project . Right after I finish my eJinn project, which you may be interested in. eJinn is designed to build exception classes based off a config file, so you can have one error per exception file and unique error codes in a project.

Answer 3

You can set callback function by using register_shutdown_function() which will call on every end of your php code execution. In this callback function you can check whether any error occurs or not using error_get_last(). For Example:

// Register shutdown function
register_shutdown_function("shutdownTracker");

// Define all error types you want to catch and handle
define('E_FATAL', E_ERROR | E_PARSE | E_CORE_ERROR | E_COMPILE_ERROR | E_USER_ERROR | E_RECOVERABLE_ERROR);

function shutdownTracker() {
    $error = error_get_last(); // This will return empty if no error occurs while executing php code.
    if(!empty($error) && ($error['type'] & E_FATAL)) {
        // Write your code here to handle you error

    }
}

Note: You should include this code on top of your code.