循环在数组元素上停滞

Question

I'm trying to cycle iterate through an array by using a 'previous' and 'next' button, respectively moving through the array.

It works fine until you change 'direction' and try say, for example 'next' then 'previous'

The array displays the same element it was already on instead of showing the previous element of the array.

For example, I am on 4, hit the 'previous' button and it remains on 4. You have to press the 'previous' button again to make it go back down to 3.

What am I missing here...?

 var numbers = ["I am index number 0", "I am index number 1", "I am index number 2", "I am index number 3", "I am index number 4", "I am index number 5"]; var i=0; var text = ""; document.getElementById("back").addEventListener("click", function previous() { if (i-1 >= 0) { var text = numbers[--i]; } document.getElementById("filler").innerHTML = text; }); document.getElementById("forward").addEventListener("click", function next(){ if (i < numbers.length) { var text = numbers[i++]; } document.getElementById("filler").innerHTML = text; }); 

 <p id="filler"></p> <button id="back">PREVIOUS</button> <button id="forward">NEXT</button> 

Answer 1

Actually what your looking is pre-increment and not post-increment. ++i increments the value then returns the value, in the other hand i++ returns the current value and then increments the value.

Also another one advice, you don't need to create all the time the var text , once you create and define it empty, you better only do text = numbers[--i] without var .

Another thing I noticed is that in your second conditional (if) you should do if (i < numbers.length - 1) because .length method starts counting in 1.

I made a jsfidddle for you :) https://jsfiddle.net/t2cjf5m8/16/

Answer 2

First of all you should look at the comment made by Crayon Violent

--i decrements the value then returns the value. i++ returns the current value then increments. If you want them to behave the same, use --i and ++i or do the operation outside of the index reference.

You should not redefine the text inside the ifs

var text = numbers[--i];

This solution below works:

  var numbers = ["I am index number 0", "I am index number 1", "I am index number 2", "I am index number 3", "I am index number 4", "I am index number 5"]; var i = -1; var text = ""; document.getElementById("back").addEventListener("click", function previous() { if (i > 0) { text = numbers[--i]; } document.getElementById("filler").innerHTML = text; }); document.getElementById("forward").addEventListener("click", function next(){ if (i < numbers.length - 1) { text = numbers[++i]; } document.getElementById("filler").innerHTML = text; }); 

 <p id="filler"></p> <button id="back">PREVIOUS</button> <button id="forward">NEXT</button> 

Answer 3

I modified your code below to make it work:

<p id="filler"></p>
<button id="back">PREVIOUS</button>
<button id="forward">NEXT</button>


<script>
    var numbers = [
        "I am index number 0",
        "I am index number 1",
        "I am index number 2 ",
        "I am index number 3",
        "I am index number 4",
        "I am index number 5"
    ];
    var i = 0;
    var text = "";



    document.getElementById("back").addEventListener("click", function previous() {
        if (i - 1 >= 0) {
            var text = numbers[i--];
            document.getElementById("filler").innerHTML = text;
        }
    });




    document.getElementById("forward").addEventListener("click", function next() {
        if (i < numbers.length) {
            var text = numbers[i++];
            document.getElementById("filler").innerHTML = text;
        }
    });
</script>

Only change I made is in var text = numbers[i--]; I changed the position of the operator from left to right. "If the operator appears before the variable, the value is modified before the expression is evaluated. If the operator appears after the variable, the value is modified after the expression is evaluated." quoting from: https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/scripting/javascript/reference/increment-and-decrement-operators-javascript