用R循环遍历网址

Question

I need to download a series of Excel files from URL's that all look as follows:

http://example.com/orResultsED.cfm?MODE=exED&ED=01&EventId=31
http://example.com/orResultsED.cfm?MODE=exED&ED=02&EventId=31
...
http://example.com/orResultsED.cfm?MODE=exED&ED=87&EventId=31

I've got some of the building blocks inside the loop, such as:

for(i in 1:87) {
    url <- paste0("http://example.com/orResultsED.cfm?MODE=exED&ED=", i, "&EventId=31")
    file <- paste0("Data/myExcel_", i, ".xlsx")
    if (!file.exists(file)) download.file(url, file) 
}

My problems :

1. I need the seq to prepend the 0 (I tried sprintf with no luck)
2. I also want to import the Excel files, skip the first two rows and append them on after the other (they also have the same columns)

Update

@akrun solution works well. But it turns out not all my Excel files have the same number of columns:

map(files, ~read.xlsx(.x, 
                         colNames = FALSE,
                         sheet = 1, 
                         startRow = 4,
                         )) %>%
  bind_rows

Error in bind_rows_(x, .id) : 
  Column `X1` can't be converted from numeric to character

I think this error actually points to the unequal number of column. I tried adding fill = NA (when testing map_df() ), but it didn't help.

Answer 1

We can create it with sprintf

paste0("http://example.com/orResultsED.cfm?MODE=exED&ED=", sprintf("%02d", 1), "&EventId=31")
#[1] "http://example.com/orResultsED.cfm?MODE=exED&ED=01&EventId=31"

In the loop,

for(i in 1:87) {
  i1 <- sprintf('%02d', i)
   url <- paste0("http://example.com/orResultsED.cfm?MODE=exED&ED=", i1, "&EventId=31")
   file <- paste0("Data/myExcel_", i, ".xlsx")
   if (!file.exists(file)) download.file(url, file) 
}

Assuming that the files are downloaded in the working directory

files <- list.files(full.names = TRUE)
library(openxlsx)
library(purrr)
library(dplyr)
map(files, ~read.xlsx(.x, sheet = 1, startRow = 3))  %>%
      bind_rows

Or as @hrbrmstr mentioned in the comments, map_df can be used which returns a single dataset

map_df(files, ~read.xlsx(.x, sheet = 1, startRow = 3))

Update

Based on the comments from OP, there seems to be a difference in column class for some of the datasets. In that case, bind_rows gives an error. One option is to use rbindlist from data.table

map(files, ~read.xlsx(.x, sheet = 1, startRow = 3))  %>%
      data.table::rbindlist(fill = TRUE)

Answer 2

downloading and reading in 1 loop. Hopefully, the columns are aligned if not use something like plyr::rbind.fill instead of do.call(rbind, list)

do.call(rbind, lapply(1:87, function(n) {
    url <- paste0("http://example.com/orResultsED.cfm?MODE=exED&ED=", 
        sprintf("%02d", n), "&EventId=31")
    file <- paste0("Data/myExcel_", n, ".xlsx")
    if (!file.exists(file)) download.file(url, file) 
    readxl::read_excel(file, skip=2)
    Sys.sleep(5)
}))

Answer 3

you can also use regmatches

 num=sprintf("%02.0f",1:87)
 urls=rep("http://example.com/orResultsED.cfm?MODE=exED&ED=01&EventId=31",87)
`regmatches`(urls,regexpr("\\d+",urls))<-num
 urls[87]
[1] "http://example.com/orResultsED.cfm?MODE=exED&ED=87&EventId=31"

To have all the files:

 files <- paste0("Data/myExcel_",num , ".xlsx")

to download the files:

  mapply(function(x,y)if(!file.exists(x))download.file(y,x),files,urls)