Python从输出变量中搜索字符串并打印下两行

Question

How do I Search string from command output and print next two lines from the output.

Below is code:

a = """
Some lines I do not want 
----- -------- --
I need this line
I need this line also
Again few lines i do not want
"""
for line in a.split("\n"):
    if line.startswith("----"):
        print "I need this line"
        print "I need this line also"

What I am doing in above code is I am checking if line starts with "----" and This works fine. Now How do i print exactly two lines after line starts with "----". In this example code print, " I need this line and I need this line also"

Answer 1

you can create an iterator out of the list (no need with a file handle BTW). Then let for iterate, but allow to use next manually within the loop:

a = """
Some lines I do not want
----- -------- --
I need this line
I need this line also
Again few lines i do not want
"""
my_iter = iter(a.splitlines())
for line in my_iter:
    if line.startswith("----"):
        print(next(my_iter))
        print(next(my_iter))

This code will raise StopIteration if there aren't enough lines after the dashes. One alternative that avoids this issue is (courtesy Jon Clements)

from itertools import islice

my_iter = iter(a.splitlines(True))  # preserves \n (like file handle would do)
for line in my_iter:
    if line.startswith("----"):
        print(''.join(islice(my_iter, 2)))

Another way, without splitting the string:

print(re.search("-----.*\n(.*\n.*)",a).group(1))

this searches for 2 lines after the pattern in the unsplitted , multi-line string. Can crash if re.search returns None because there are no more lines.

In both cases you get:

I need this line
I need this line also

Answer 2

This is one simple way:

a = """
Some lines I do not want 
----- -------- --
I need this line
I need this line also
Again few lines i do not want
"""

lines = a.split("\n")
for i in range(len(lines)):
    if lines[i].startswith("----"):  # if current line starts with ----
        print(lines[i+1])  # print next line.
        print(lines[i+2])  # print line following next line.

# I need this line
# I need this line also                                      

Answer 3

You can store the index of the current line and thus get the next n lines:

a = """
Some lines I do not want 
----- -------- --
I need this line
I need this line also
Again few lines i do not want
"""
lines = a.split("\n")
for index, line in enumerate(lines):
    if line.startswith("----"):
        print lines[index+1]
        print lines[index+2]

You may want to check for IndexError s though.

Answer 4

Plain way (almost C):

>>> a = """
Some lines I do not want
----- -------- --
I need this line
I need this line also
Again few lines i do not want
No nee
---- ------- --
Need this
And this
But Not this
"""

>>> start_printing, lines_printed = False, 0
>>> for line in a.split('\n'):
        if line.startswith('----'):
            start_printing = True
        elif start_printing:
            print line
            lines_printed += 1
        if lines_printed>=2:
            start_printing=False
            lines_printed = 0


I need this line
I need this line also
Need this
And this

Answer 5

Here something with list comprehensions:

    a = """
    Some lines I do not want 
    ----- -------- --
    I need this line
    I need this line also
    -----------------------
    A line after (---)
    A consecutive line after (---)
    """

   lines = a.split("\n")
   test = [print(lines[index+1] + '\n' + lines[index+2]) for index in range(len(lines)) if lines[index].startswith("----")]

 #Output:I need this line
         #I need this line also
         #A line after (---)
         #A consecutive line after (---)

I bumped into IndexError on further testing with more sentences, so I added an exception block:

a = """
Some lines I do not want 
----- -------- --
I need this line
I need this line also
-----------------------
A line after (---)
A consecutive line after (---)
-------------------------
Just for fun
Another one
-------------------------
"""
lines = a.split("\n")
try:
    test = [print(lines[index+1] + '\n' + lines[index+2]) for index in range(len(lines)) if lines[index].startswith("----")]
except:
    pass

Now, the desired output without exceptions:

I need this line
I need this line also
A line after (---)
A consecutive line after (---)
Just for fun
Another one