如何使用Python脚本运行Excel宏？

Question

I want to run a macro in an Excel file using a Python script.

import os
import win32com.client

if os.path.exists(""C:\\Users\\siddharth.mungekar\\Desktop\\MemleakTest\\test.xlsm"):
    xl = win32com.client.Dispatch("Excel.Application")
    xl.Workbooks.Open(Filename="C:\\Users\\siddharth.mungekar\\Desktop\\MemleakTest\\test.xlsm")
    xl.Visible = True
    xl.Run('Mem_Leak')

The script fails after opening an Excel file and gives the following error:

C:\\Users\\siddharth.mungekar\\AppData\\Local\\Programs\\Python\\Python36\\python.exe C:/Users/siddharth.mungekar/PycharmProjects/MacroViaPython/ExcelMacroEnabler.py Traceback (most recent call last): File "C:/Users/siddharth.mungekar/PycharmProjects/MacroViaPython/ExcelMacroEnabler.py", line 14, in xl.Run('Mem_Leak') File "", line 14, in Run File "C:\\Users\\siddharth.mungekar\\AppData\\Local\\Programs\\Python\\Python36\\lib\\site-packages\\win32com\\client\\dynamic.py", line 287, in ApplyTypes result = self. oleobj .InvokeTypes(*(dispid, LCID, wFlags, retType, argTypes) + args) pywintypes.com_error: (-2147352567, 'Exception occurred.', (0, 'Microsoft Excel', "Cannot run the macro 'Mem_Leak'. The macro may not be available in this workbook or all macros may be disabled.", 'xlmain11.chm', 0, -2146827284), None)

I tried modifying the Trust Centre setting.

The code works when another Excel file has already been manually opened.

I tried opening a dummy Excel file and then opening the target Excel file and running the macro. This did not work. The dummy excel file has to be opened manually.

Answer 1

You could try updating the Macro settings in the registry to allow all macros to run. You would need to either run your Python script as an administrator, or ensure that the registry key has suitable permissions:

import winreg
import os
import win32com.client


def registry_set_key(hive, regpath, key, type, value):
    try:
        hkey = winreg.OpenKey(hive, regpath, 0, winreg.KEY_ALL_ACCESS)
    except FileNotFountError as e:
        hkey = winreg.CreateKey(hive, regpath, 0, winreg.KEY_ALL_ACCESS)

    try:
        old = winreg.QueryValueEx(hkey, key)
    except:
        old = None

    winreg.SetValueEx(hkey, key, 0, type, value)
    winreg.CloseKey(hkey)    

    return old



if os.path.exists(r"C:\\Users\\siddharth.mungekar\\Desktop\\MemleakTest\\test.xlsm"):

    # Set macro settings to 1 to allow all macros    
    old = registry_set_key(winreg.HKEY_CURRENT_USER, r'Software\Microsoft\Office\14.0\Excel\Security', 'VBAWarnings', winreg.REG_DWORD, 1)

    xl = win32com.client.Dispatch("Excel.Application")
    xl.Workbooks.Open(Filename="C:\\Users\\siddharth.mungekar\\Desktop\\MemleakTest\\test.xlsm")
    xl.Visible = True
    xl.Run('Mem_Leak')

    # If there was an existing value, put it back
    if old:
        registry_set_key(winreg.HKEY_CURRENT_USER, r'Software\Microsoft\Office\14.0\Excel\Security', 'VBAWarnings', winreg.REG_DWORD, old[0])

Note, you might need to adjust the registry path depending on the version of Office installed, use REGEDIT to check. ie make sure that Office\\14.0 is present.

Also take a look at Microsoft Project – how to control Macro Settings using registry keys for more information.

Answer 2

I fixed this issue by putting my macro inside a new module instead of having it in "ThisWorkbook" and by calling:

xl.Run("Module1.UpdateTable")

Full code:

import os
import win32com.client

sXlFile = "C:\\Desktop\\test.xlsm"
xl=win32com.client.Dispatch("Excel.Application")
xl.Workbooks.Open(os.path.abspath(sXlFile))
try:
  xl.Run("Module1.UpdateTable")
except Exception as e:
  print(e)

xl.Application.Quit() # Comment this out if your excel script closes
del xl