在Django中，对于同一类的两个对象之间的OneToOne关系，是否可以防止某个对象在数据库级别引用其自身？

Question

I have the following in my app:

class University(models.Model):
    ...
    sister_university = models.OneToOneField('self', 
                        related_name = 
                        'university_sister_university', 
                        blank=True, null=True, 
                        on_delete=models.SET_NULL)

As it is, under the Django Admin site, I'm able to select University A as the sister_university of University A (itself). Is it possible to enforce some sort of a rule at the database level so a university object can never be its own sister_university?

Alternatively, is there a better way of accomplishing what I'm trying to do?

Answer 1

What you want is a check constraint, something like:

alter table university
add constraint chk_non_self_ref check (id <> sister_university_id);

I'm not aware of a way to define this in Django models (but I'm guessing you can add it to a migration).

Answer 2

At the model level, you can override the clean() method of your model to implement that check every time a University instance is saved.

def clean(self):

    if self.sister_university.id == self.id:
        raise ValidationError('A university object can never be its own sister_university.')