使用PHP将ERC20令牌从一个帐户转移到另一个帐户

Question

这个问题在PHP开发人员中引起了极大的痛苦，他们想出了一种使用ERC20合同/令牌的方法，即执行某些操作，例如检索合同的基本常量/信息（例如名称，符号，小数，totalSupply），检查地址余额，能够将这些ERC20令牌发送到其他以太坊地址等，而无需通过NodeJS或其他JS平台来与以太坊的web3 API配合使用。

Answer 1

How a ERC20 token transfer works?

Even though ERC20 contract's ABI comes with a transfer method built-in but that is not how you do a ERC20 token transfer. The method to transfer tokens involve encoding of properly formatted contract's transfer method statement including all of the passed arguments using Keccak algorithm. This is indeed a complicated process but what's the point of using a library when it does not make things easier for you as a developer? So, here is a simple and savvy method to transfer ERC20 tokens from one Ethereum address to another…

Transaction Fee Note: Any transaction on Ethereum blockchain requires “gas” to be processed, therefore if an Ethereum address that you intend to transfer tokens from has sufficient amount of tokens but still has INSUFFICIENT amount of ETH, transaction will NOT go through!

Library

This answer uses erc20-php library, that can be installed using composer:

composer require furqansiddiqui/erc20-php

ERC20 Token Transfer

Let's start by instantiating necessary classes:

<?php
declare(strict_types=1);

use EthereumRPC\EthereumRPC;
use ERC20\ERC20;

// Instantiate Ethereum RPC lib with your server credentials (i.e. Ethereum-Go)
// This example assumes Ethereum RPC server running on standard port 8545 on localhost
$geth = new EthereumRPC('127.0.0.1', 8545);

// Instantiate ERC20 lib by passing Instance of EthereumRPC lib as constructor argument
$erc20 = new ERC20($geth);

Prepare your vars and grab instance of ERC20 token:

$contract = "0x...contract-address"; // ERC20 contract address
$payer = "0x...payer-address"; // Sender's Ethereum account
$payee = "0x...payee-address"; // Recipient's Ethereum account
$amount = "1.2345"; // Amount of tokens to transfer

// Grab instance of ERC20_Token class
$token = $erc20->token($contract);

Encoding token transfer:

// First argument is payee/recipient of this transfer
// Second argument is the amount of tokens that will be sent
$data = $token->encodedTransferData($payee, $amount);

Prepare Ethereum transaction:

Now that we have the required encoded transfer method hexadecimal string in as our $data var, next we will be preparing and dispatching this transaction, but here are the key notes:

Transaction Payee: ERC20 token transfer transactions are sent to ERC20 contract address, you have encoded original recipient's address in previous step so no need to be confused, the transaction has to be dispatched to the smart contract's address.

Transaction Amount: Just like the payee, ERC20 token transfer amount is already encoded in our $data var therefore transaction's amount is ETH should be set to “0”

Preparing transaction:

$transaction = $geth->personal()->transaction($payer, $contract) // from $payer to $contract address
  ->amount("0") // Amount should be ZERO
  ->data($data); // Our encoded ERC20 token transfer data from previous step

and that's about it! But seriously, don't forget to send this transaction:

// Send transaction with ETH account passphrase
$txId = $transaction->send("secret"); // Replace "secret" with actual passphrase of SENDER's ethereum account

Congratulations, your ERC20 token transfer transaction has been dispatched to Ethereum P2P network. You will receive transaction ID as return from send() method and you may use that transaction ID to check status of this transaction on any Ethereum blockchain explorer!

Thank you for reading! Let me know how it worked out for you, I have other similar topics covered on my blog as well: https://www.furqansiddiqui.com/

Answer 2

I have written a simple Ethereum adapter using Guzzle only which can handle any complexity of smart contract queries & transactions. Feel free to copy and modify for your own project: https://github.com/daikon-cqrs/ethereum-adapter . Here is a token transfer example:

public function transferToken(string $tokenContract, string $from, string $to, float $value): array { $signature = $this->getFunctionSignature('transfer(address,uint256)'); $to = str_pad(substr($to, 2), 64, '0', STR_PAD_LEFT); $value = str_pad($this->bcdechex($this->toWei($value)), 64, '0', STR_PAD_LEFT); return $this->call('eth_sendTransaction', [[ 'from' => $from, 'to' => $tokenContract, 'data' => $signature.$to.$value, 'value' => '0x0' ]]); }

Bear in mind that because of the way Ethereum nodes handle nonces, synchronous transaction management can be a challenging problem to solve, and probably ultimately requires asynchronous processing on the PHP side.

Answer 3

This is a quite difficult task, as you need a very deep understanding of how tokens work and you will need at least one node. If you are looking for a more easy method, that works with any programming language, you might check out Tokengateway . It is a REST API that allows to send any ERC20 token, get info on any ERC20 token, get balances of any ERC20 token and more. Also, there is no need to setup a node.