读取将引用和未引用的内容混合到bash数组中的文件，保留引号

Question

My file looks like

"dog" 23 "a description of the dog" 123 456 "21"
"cat"  5 "a description of the cat" 987 654 "22"

I'm loading the file line by line into an array

filename=$1

while read -r line
do
   animal_array=($line)
  *do stuff
done < $filename

What I want to see:

animal_array[1] --> "dog"
animal_array[2] --> 23
animal_array[3] --> "a description of the dog"
animal_array[4] --> 123
animal_array[5] --> 456
aninal_array[6] --> "21"

What I get:

animal_array[1] --> "dog"
animal_array[2] --> 23
animal_array[3] --> "a  
animal_array[4] --> description
animal_array[5] --> of
animal_array[6] --> the
animal_array[7] --> dog"
animal_array[8] --> 123
animal_array[9] --> "21"

Struggling to find a way to do a check for "quotes" before I read the line into the array. The quotes need to be in the array.

Answer 1

If you don't mean to retain the quotes as data, use the answer at Bash: Reading quoted/escaped arguments correctly from a string instead.

That said, the GNU awk extension FPAT can be used for the kind of parsing you're requesting here, if you only need to handle double-quoted strings with literal data (no \\" escaped quotes or other oddities within):

split_quoted_strings() {
  gawk '
    BEGIN {
      FPAT = "([^[:space:]\"]+)|(\"[^\"]+\")"
    }

    {
      printf("%d\0", NF)
      for (i = 1; i <= NF; i++) {
        printf("%s\0", $i)
      }
    }
  ' "$@"
}

# replace this with whatever you want to have called after a line has been read
handle_array() {
  echo "Read array with contents:"
  printf ' - %s\n' "$@"
  echo
}

while IFS= read -r -d '' num_fields; do
  array=( )
  for ((i=0; i<num_fields; i++)); do
    IFS= read -r -d '' piece
    array+=( "$piece" )
  done
  handle_array "${array[@]}"
done < <(split_quoted_strings)

...properly emits as output:

Read array with contents:
 - "dog"
 - 23
 - "a description of the dog"
 - 123
 - 456
 - "21"

Read array with contents:
 - "cat"
 - 5
 - "a description of the cat"
 - 987
 - 654
 - "22"