如何在C ++程序中简单地使用控制台命令？

Question

I am doing an exercise that requires me to use the wc console command to list the number of words in a specified file, after the user has entered the file's name. How can this be done?

Here is some code I'v managed so far:

int main()
{
    string filename;
    string cmd1,cmd2,cmd3;


    cout<<"Please enter a filename: ";
    getline(cin, filename);


    cmd1="wc -l " +filename;        //lines
    cmd2="wc -w " + filename;   //words
    cmd3="wc -c "+filename;   //bytes
    /

    cout<<system("\\cmd1\\")<<endl;   //does not work

    cout<<system("wc -l device_data.txt")<<endl;   //works


    return 0;
}

Answer 1

The system function returns an integer which is the return value of the executed shell.

What you want is to get the output of your command which can be done with:

int main()
{   
    std::string filename{"x.txt"};
    std::string command{"wc -l "};
    command+=filename;

    char buffer[10000];
    FILE *f = popen(command.c_str(), "r");
    while ( fgets(buffer, 10000, f) != nullptr )
    {
        std::cout << buffer << std::endl;
    }

    pclose( f );
    return 0 ; 
}  

You should read the man pages before typing the source code ;)

Answer 2

This is what i would do :

std::string f;
cin>>f;

std::string c1 = "wc -l " + f;
std::string c2 = "wc -w " + f;
std::string c3 = "wc -c " + f;

cout<<system(c1.c_str())<<endl;
cout<<system(c2.c_str())<<endl;
cout<<system(c3.c_str())<<endl;

Here the thing is system takes char* as parameter and you were using string datatype .

Answer 3

use the wc console command to list the number of words in a specified file, after the user has entered the file's name. How can this be done?

On Linux, and with in my C++ programs, I use popen. Here is a snippet of code (part of class Metric_v05) which compiles.

// retrieve what wc reports
void Metric_v05::getRawLocCount (std::string aPfn,
                                 uint32_t&   lineCount,
                                 uint32_t&   wordCount,
                                 uint32_t&   byteCount)
{
   std::string cmd;

   cmd = "wc " + aPfn;

   // use pipe to invoke the command and retrieve results
   FILE* pipe = popen(cmd.c_str(), "r");

   do
   {
      if(0 == pipe) break; // skip over pclose()

      std::stringstream ss;
      {
         char buff[1024]; // assume all these lines will be shorter than this (C-ism)
         memset(buff, 0, 1024);

         // read output from pipe
         if (0 == fgets(buff, 1024, pipe))
         {
            // break out when no more output at pipe
            std::cout << "line word byte ?" << std::endl;
            pclose(pipe);
            break; // queue complete, eof, kick out
         }
         ss << buff;
      }

      // output of wc / input to the buff is "line word byte", such as:
      //  1257    4546   44886

      ss >> lineCount >> wordCount >> byteCount;
      // TBR - stat = ss >> xxx; if(!stat) break;
      // I would normally recommend status check,
      // but wc is quite reliable.

      if (false)  // diagnostic disabled
         std::cout << "lwb: "
                   << lineCount << " "
                   << wordCount << " "
                   << byteCount << std::endl;

      // be sure to
      pclose(pipe);

   } while (0); // only 1 line to fetch, drop any others.

} // void Metric_v05::getRawLocCount (...)